棺

棺 U+68FA, 棺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68FA
← 棹
[U+68F9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 棻 →
[U+68FB]

Translingual

Han character

棺 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木十口口 (DJRR), four-corner 43977, composition ⿰木官)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 535, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14993
  • Dae Jaweon: page 922, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1238, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+68FA

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 棺
alternative forms 栕
𣑄

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (官) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
官 *koːn
棺 *koːn, *koːns
倌 *koːn, *kroːns
悹 *koːn, *koːnʔ, *koːns
涫 *koːn, *koːns
管 *koːnʔ
琯 *koːnʔ, *kuːns
痯 *koːnʔ, *koːns
輨 *koːnʔ
錧 *koːnʔ, *koːns
館 *koːnʔ, *koːns
婠 *koːns, *qoːn, *qruːd
悺 *koːns
逭 *ɡoːns
菅 *kroːn
綰 *qroːnʔ, *qroːns
捾 *qoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːn, *koːns) : semantic 木 + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kwaŋ (“trough; boat; box; tray”) (STEDT's provisional reconstruction).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • koaⁿ - vernacular;
  • koan - literary.
Rime
Character 棺
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古丸切
Baxter kwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwan/
Li
Rong		 /kuɑn/
Wang
Li		 /kuɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gun1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 棺
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 guān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kwan ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷˁa[n]/
English inner coffin

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 棺
Reading # 1/2
No. 4436
Phonetic
component		 官
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 官
Old
Chinese		 /*koːn/

Definitions

棺

  1. (now Southern Min or in compounds) coffin; inner coffin
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 棺材 (“coffin”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 棺, 木, 棺木
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 棺材, 棺木, 壽材 †
Mandarin Beijing 棺材, 材
Taiwan 棺材
Harbin 棺材, 壽材 †
Yantai (Muping) 棺材, 壽材 †
Jinan 棺材, 壽材 †
Luoyang 棺材, 坷漏
Wanrong 壽木 †
Xi'an 枋, 棺子, 棺材, 材, 壽材 †
Yinchuan 棺材, 壽板 †, 壽材 †
Xining 棺材, 棺木, 壽材 †
Ürümqi 棺材, 壽材 †
Wuhan 棺材, 壽木 †
Chengdu 棺材, 枋子, 壽枋 †, 壽木 †
Guiyang 木頭, 大木, 材子, 老家 †, 大老家 †, 壽木 †
Guilin 棺材
Liuzhou 棺木, 棺材, 四塊半, 壽枋 †, 壽板 †, 長生板 †
Yangzhou 棺材, 壽材 †
Nanjing 棺材, 四塊板, 壽材 †
Hefei 棺材
Singapore 棺材
Dagudi (Maliba) 棺材
Reshuitang (Longling) 棺材
Mae Salong (Lancang) 棺材, 壽木 †
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 棺材
Cantonese Guangzhou 棺材, 四塊半, 四塊板, 四方竇, 長生板
Hong Kong 棺材, 四塊半, 長生板, 壽板
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 棺材, 壽板
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 棺材
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 棺材
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 棺材
Macau 棺材, 壽板
Guangzhou (Panyu) 棺材
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 棺材
Guangzhou (Conghua) 棺材
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 棺材
Foshan 棺材
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 棺材
Foshan (Shunde) 棺材
Foshan (Sanshui) 棺材
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 棺材
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 棺材
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 壽木
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 棺材
Zhuhai (Doumen) 棺材
Jiangmen (Baisha) 棺材
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 棺材
Taishan 棺材
Kaiping (Chikan) 木, 棺材
Enping (Niujiang) 棺材
Heshan (Yayao) 棺材
Dongguan 棺材, 四塊半, 木訥, 壽材 †, 壽方 †
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 棺材
Yangjiang 棺材
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 棺材, 四塊半, 壽板
Singapore (Guangfu) 棺材
Gan Nanchang 棺材, 壽材 †
Lichuan 棺材, 壽木 †, 壽材 †
Pingxiang 棺材, 長生, 料, 壽樹 †
Hakka Meixian 棺材, 棺木, 長生板, 壽材
Xingning 長生
Dabu (Xihe) 棺材, 壽枋
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 棺材
Huiyang 棺材, 長生
Huidong (Daling) 長生, 大屋
Dongguan (Qingxi) 棺材
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 棺材
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 棺材
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 棺材
Wuhua (Huacheng) 棺材
Wuhua (Changbu) 棺材
Wuhua (Mianyang) 棺材
Heyuan (Bendihua) 棺材
Wengyuan 木頭
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 木頭
Liannan 壽棺材
Conghua (Lütian) 棺材
Jiexi 長生大屋, 長生板
Luhe 棺材
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 棺木
Changting 壽木
Wuping 木頭
Wuping (Yanqian) 棺木, 福板
Wuping (Pingyu) 長生木
Liancheng 木頭
Ninghua 壽木, 老屋, 壽具, 蓄樹
Yudu 棺材, 壽床, 老屋, 壽木 †
Ningdu 萬年床
Ruijin 壽櫃
Shicheng 壽木
Shangyou (Shexi) 壽木
Tonggu (Sandu) 壽材
Ganzhou (Panlong) 壽木
Dayu 壽木
Hong Kong 棺材, 壽房
Yangxi (Tangkou) 棺材
Yangchun (Sanjia) 長生
Xinyi (Sihe) 棺材
Xinyi (Qianpai) 棺材
Gaozhou (Xindong) 棺材
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 棺材
Huazhou (Xin'an) 棺材
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 長生, 壽板
Lianjiang (Qingping) 棺材
Mengshan (Xihe) 壽
Luchuan 壽木
Sabah (Longchuan) 棺材
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 棺材, 壽板, 棺木
Senai (Huiyang) 棺材, 四塊半, 長生板
Senai (Hepo) 棺材
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 棺樵, 大屋
Singkawang 棺材
Huizhou Jixi 棺材, 材, 壽材 †, 壽木 †
Jin Taiyuan 棺材, 壽材 †, 壽木 †
Xinzhou 棺材, 壽器 †, 大頭 †
Northern Min Jian'ou 棺木, 四塊板
Eastern Min Fuzhou 棺材, 棺木, 壽板 †
Southern Min Xiamen 棺柴, 棺, 壽板 †, 壽柴, 大厝 dated
Quanzhou 棺柴, 棺, 壽柴
Jinjiang 壽板, 老壽
Zhangzhou 棺柴, 棺, 壽板 †, 壽柴
Taipei 棺柴, 大壽 ‡, 壽板 ‡
Taipei (Wanhua) 棺柴
New Taipei (Tamsui) 棺柴, 大壽 ‡
New Taipei (Sanxia) 棺柴, 壽板 ‡
New Taipei (Pingxi) 棺柴
Kaohsiung 棺柴, 壽 ‡, 壽板 ‡
Yilan 棺柴, 大壽 ‡, 壽板 ‡
Changhua (Lukang) 棺柴, 大壽 ‡, 壽 ‡
Taichung 棺柴, 棺木 ‡
Taichung (Wuqi) 棺柴
Tainan 棺柴, 板仔, 大厝 ‡, 壽板 ‡, 大壽 ‡, 壽 ‡
Taitung 棺柴
Hsinchu 棺柴, 大壽 ‡
Kinmen 棺柴, 壽板 ‡, 壽枋 ‡, 大厝 ‡, 棺木 ‡
Penghu (Magong) 棺柴, 壽 ‡
Singapore (Hokkien) 棺柴, 大厝
Manila (Hokkien) 棺柴, 棺
Chaozhou 棺柴
Shantou 棺柴
Shantou (Chenghai) 棺柴
Jieyang 棺柴, 大厝
Haifeng 棺柴
Bangkok (Teochew) 棺柴, 大厝
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 大厝, 四個半
Singapore (Teochew) 棺柴
Haikou 棺材, 壽板 †
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 棺材
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 棺材, 四塊半, 四合板, 壽木 †, 壽板 †
Wu Shanghai 棺材, 壽材 †, 壽器 †
Shanghai (Chongming) 棺材, 材, 壽材 †
Suzhou 棺材, 壽材 †, 壽器 †
Danyang 棺材, 壽材 †
Hangzhou 棺材, 壽材 †
Ningbo 棺材, 壽材 †
Wenzhou 棺材, 枋
Jinhua 棺材, 材, 壽材 †, 壽屋 †
Xiang Changsha 棺材, 料, 棺木, 壽枋 †
Loudi 棺材, 料, 長生 †, 壽器 †
Shuangfeng 木, 大料
Note † - prepared before one's death; ‡ - elegant form

Compounds
  • 一棺之土
  • 同棺
  • 命棺
  • 大劈棺
  • 大棺
  • 封棺
  • 屬棺／属棺
  • 弔棺／吊棺
  • 懸棺葬／悬棺葬
  • 斲棺
  • 杝棺
  • 東園梓棺／东园梓棺
  • 桐棺
  • 桐棺三寸
  • 梓棺
  • 棺中懸鏡／棺中悬镜
  • 棺具
  • 棺函
  • 棺器
  • 棺屍／棺尸
  • 棺斂／棺敛
  • 棺木 (guānmù)
  • 棺束
  • 棺材
  • 棺材座子
  • 棺材本
  • 棺材板
  • 棺材楦子
  • 棺材瓤子
  • 棺材穰子
  • 棺柩 (guānjiù)
  • 棺椑
  • 棺槨／棺椁 (guānguǒ)
  • 棺槥
  • 棺櫝／棺椟
  • 棺櫬／棺榇
  • 棺殮／棺殓
  • 棺殯槨葬／棺殡椁葬
  • 棺罩 (guānzhào)
  • 棺蓋／棺盖 (guāngài)
  • 棺衾
  • 棺郭
  • 棺釘／棺钉
  • 棺錢／棺钱
  • 棺題／棺题
  • 棺飾／棺饰 (guānshì)
  • 正棺
  • 殯棺／殡棺
  • 水晶棺
  • 沒底棺材／没底棺材
  • 玉棺
  • 瓦棺
  • 瓦棺篆鼎
  • 白玉棺
  • 石棺 (shíguān)
  • 糊假棺
  • 老棺材
  • 蓋棺／盖棺
  • 蓋棺事定／盖棺事定
  • 蓋棺定論／盖棺定论 (gàiguāndìnglùn)
  • 蓋棺論定／盖棺论定 (gàiguānlùndìng)
  • 裏棺／里棺
  • 起棺
  • 輿棺／舆棺
  • 通替棺
  • 進棺材／进棺材 (jìn guāncái)
  • 采棺
  • 金棺
  • 闔棺／阖棺
  • 革棺
  • 飾棺／饰棺

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 棺
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古玩切
Baxter kwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwanH/
Li
Rong		 /kuɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /kuɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gun3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 棺
Reading # 2/2
No. 4452
Phonetic
component		 官
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 貫
Old
Chinese		 /*koːns/

Definitions

棺

  1. (obsolete) to lay a body in a coffin

References

Japanese

Kanji
棺

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. coffin

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
棺
ひつぎ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 棺 – see the following entry.
【ひつぎ】
[noun] coffin
Alternative spelling
柩
(This term, 棺, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
棺
かん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 棺 (MC kwan).

Pronunciation

Noun

棺(かん) • (kan) ←くわん (kwan)?

  1. coffin; casket
Derived terms
  • 棺(かん)を蓋(おお)う (kan o ōu)
  • 棺(かん)を蓋(おお)いて事(こと)定(さだ)まる (kan o ōite koto sadamaru)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 棺 (MC kwan).

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 棺 (eumhun 널 관 (neol gwan))

  1. Hanja form? of 관 (“coffin”).

Compounds
  • 관곽 (棺槨, gwan'gwak)
  • 관구 (棺柩, gwan'gu)
  • 관대 (棺臺, gwandae)
  • 관렴 (棺殮, gwallyeom)
  • 관문 (棺文, gwanmun)
  • 관상 (棺上, gwansang)
  • 관의 (棺衣, gwanui)
  • 관재 (棺材, gwanjae)
  • 관판 (棺板, gwanpan)
  • 개관 (改棺, gaegwan)
  • 개관 (開棺, gaegwan)
  • 개관 (蓋棺, gaegwan)
  • 거관 (擧棺, geogwan)
  • 결관 (結棺, gyeolgwan)
  • 금관 (金棺, geumgwan)
  • 납관 (納棺, napgwan)
  • 내관 (內棺, naegwan)
  • 노관 (露棺, nogwan)
  • 대관 (大棺, daegwan)
  • 도관 (陶棺, dogwan)
  • 목관 (木棺, mokgwan)
  • 석관 (石棺, seokgwan)
  • 옹관 (甕棺, onggwan)
  • 와관 (瓦棺, wagwan)
  • 외관 (外棺, oegwan)
  • 입관 (入棺, ipgwan)
  • 출관 (出棺, chulgwan)
  • 치관 (治棺, chigwan)
  • 퇴관 (退棺, toegwan)
  • 포관 (布棺, pogwan)
  • 하관 (下棺, hagwan)
  • 함관 (函棺, hamgwan)

References

Vietnamese

Han character

棺: Hán Nôm readings: quan

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