照

See also: 炤
照 U+7167, 照
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7167
← 煦
[U+7166]
CJK Unified Ideographs 煨 →
[U+7168]

Translingual

Stroke order
13 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

照 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日口火 (ARF), four-corner 67336, composition ⿱昭灬)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 677, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19226
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1089, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2221, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7167

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tjews) : semantic 灬 (“fire”) + phonetic 昭 (OC *tjew) – shine the light of a fire on.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
照
2nd round simp. ⿱𭕄一
alternative forms 燳
曌 in Wu Zetian's name
瞾 alternative form of Wu Zetian's name
炤

Exoactive of 昭 (OC *tjew, “bright”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chiàu - literary;
  • chiò - vernacular.
      • (Teochew)
        • Peng'im: zio3 / ziê3 / ziao3 / ziou3
        • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiò / tsiè / tsiàu / tsiòu
        • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sio²¹³/, /t͡sie²¹³/, /t͡siau²¹³/, /t͡siou²¹³/
    Note:
    • zio3/ziê3 - vernacular (ziê3 - Chaozhou);
    • ziao3/ziou3 - literary (ziou3 - Chaozhou).
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 5tsau
          • MiniDict: tsau去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2tsau
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɔ³⁴/

Rime
Character 照
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 之少切
Baxter tsyewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjæuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciawH/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiɛuH/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭɛuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯ɛuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ziu3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 照
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhào
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyewH ›
Old
Chinese
/*taw-s/
English shine on

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 照
Reading # 1/1
No. 2132
Phonetic
component
刀
Rime
group
宵
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
沼
Old
Chinese
/*tjews/

Definitions

照

  1. to shine upon; to illuminate
  2. to reflect; to look (in the mirror)
  3. to contrast; to compare
  4. to notify; to inform
  5. to take care of
  6. to take a photo
  7. sunshine; sunlight
  8. photo; photograph; picture
    結婚照/结婚照  ―  jiéhūnzhào  ―  wedding photo
  9. license; permit
  10. according to; as; in accordance with
  11. regardless; anyway; continue to
    唔應該食嘅都照食落去 [Cantonese, trad.]
    唔应该食嘅都照食落去 [Cantonese, simp.]
    m4 jing1 goi1 sik6 ge3 dou1 ziu3 sik6 lok6 heoi3 [Jyutping]
    to eat something one shouldn't eat anyway
  12. towards; to

Synonyms

  • (to shine upon): 反射 (fǎnshè), 映 (yìng)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (照):
  • → Vietnamese: chiếu (照)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
照
alternative forms 耀
炤/照

Pronunciation


Note: ciê7, ciên7 - Chaozhou.

Definitions

照

  1. (Southern Min) to illuminate; to cast light upon; to light up

Compounds

  • 對照/对照 (tùi-chhiō)
  • 照光
  • 照屍/照尸
  • 照影
  • 照日
  • 照水蛙
  • 照水雞/照水鸡
  • 照路

References

Japanese

Kanji

照

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
照
しょう
Grade: 4
on’yomi

/seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕʲoː/

From Middle Chinese 照 (MC tsyewH).

Affix

照(しょう) • (shō) ←せう (seu)?

  1. illuminate, shine
  2. sunlight
  3. compare
  4. photograph
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
照
て(らし)
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Nominalization of 照らし (terashi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 照らす (terasu, “to shine on something, to illuminate something”).

Proper noun

照(てらし) • (Terashi) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 照 (MC tsyewH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 照 (eumhun 비칠 조 (bichil jo))

  1. Hanja form? of 조 (“to illuminate; to shine”).
  2. Hanja form? of 조 (“to contrast; to compare”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

照: Hán Nôm readings: chiếu

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