菌

菌 U+83CC, 菌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CC
← 菋
[U+83CB]
CJK Unified Ideographs 菍 →
[U+83CD]
菌 U+2F9A2, 菌
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A2
← 菊
[U+2F9A1]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 菜 →
[U+2F9A3]

Translingual

Han character

菌 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿田竹木 (TWHD), four-corner 44600, composition ⿱艹囷)

Derived characters

  • 𣛃, 𭿰, 𢋵

References

Chinese

trad. 菌
simp. # 菌
alternative forms 箘
蔨
𦵼
𦽖

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡonʔ, *ɡrunʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 囷 (OC *kʰrun, *ɡrun).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(i/u)n (“mushroom; fungus”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1


Definitions

菌

  1. bacterium; germ
    抑菌  ―  yìjūn  ―  to inhibit bacteria
    有好多菌 [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 hou2 do1 kwan2 [Jyutping]  ―  have lots of bacteria; be germy
  2. fungus
Synonyms

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 菌 菌
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 眞 (45) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 渠殞切 求晚切
Baxter gwinX gjwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡˠiuɪnX/ /ɡʉɐnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡʷᵚinX/ /ɡʷiɐnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡiuenX/ /ɡiuɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/gjinX/ /guanX/
Li
Rong
/ɡjuĕnX/ /ɡiuɐnX/
Wang
Li
/ɡǐĕnX/ /ɡĭwɐnX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi̯ĕnX/ /gi̯wɐnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jùn juàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwan6 gyun6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 菌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jùn
Middle
Chinese
‹ gwinX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ]runʔ/
English mushroom

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 菌 菌
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 10746 10752
Phonetic
component
囷 囷
Rime
group
元 文
Rime
subdivision
3 2
Corresponding
MC rime
𧯦 窘
Old
Chinese
/*ɡonʔ/ /*ɡrunʔ/
Notes 原列軫韻

Definitions

菌

  1. mushroom; toadstool
    • 朝菌不知晦朔,蟪蛄不知春秋,此小年也。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
      From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
      Cháojūn bùzhī huìshuò, huìgū bùzhī chūnqiū, cǐ xiǎonián yě. [Pinyin]
      The mushroom of a morning does not know (what takes place between) the beginning and end of a month; the short-lived cicada does not know (what takes place between) the spring and autumn.
  2. Alternative form of 箘 (“bamboo shoots”)
  3. a surname: Jun
Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

菌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. fungus, mold
  2. bacterium, germ

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

菌 (eumhun 버섯 균 (beoseot gyun))

  1. Hanja form? of 균 (“mushroom”).
  2. Hanja form? of 균 (“germ, microbe”).

Vietnamese

Han character

菌: Hán Nôm readings: khuẩn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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