詩

See also: 诗
詩 U+8A69, 詩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A69
← 詨
[U+8A68] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 詪 →
[U+8A6A]

Translingual

Han character

詩 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土木戈 (YRGDI), four-corner 04641, composition ⿰訁寺)

Derived characters
  • 𡀗, 𫄋, 𡮲

Further reading
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1157, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35427
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1622, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3961, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+8A69

Chinese
trad. 詩
simp. 诗
alternative forms 𧥳

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 詩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
等 *tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ
待 *dɯːʔ
寺 *ljɯs
持 *l'ɯ
峙 *dɯʔ
痔 *dɯʔ
跱 *dɯʔ
歭 *dɯʔ
洔 *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ
畤 *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ
秲 *dɯʔ, *djɯs
庤 *dɯʔ
時 *djɯ
鰣 *djɯ
塒 *djɯ
蒔 *djɯ, *djɯs
榯 *djɯ
恃 *djɯʔ
侍 *djɯs
詩 *hljɯ
邿 *hljɯ
特 *dɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯ) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs) – poetry is a form of language, speech.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 詩
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 書之切
Baxter syi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕɨ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕɨ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕɨ/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiə/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 si1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 詩
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syi ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s.tə/
English poetry

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 詩
Reading # 1/1
No. 12052
Phonetic
component		 寺
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 詩
Old
Chinese		 /*hljɯ/

Definitions

詩

  1. poem; verse; ode; poetry (Classifier: 首 m c h)
  2. Short for 詩經／诗经 (Shījīng, “Classic of Poetry”).

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (詩):
  • → Japanese: 詩(し) (shi)
  • → Korean: 시(詩) (si)
  • → Vietnamese: thi (詩)

References

Japanese

Kanji
詩

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. poetry, poem
  2. (archaic) Chinese-style poetry
  3. modern Japanese poetry

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
詩
し
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 詩 (MC syi).

Pronunciation

Noun

詩(し) • (shi) 

  1. poem
  2. verse of poetry
  3. (poetry) Chinese poetry
  4. Short for 詩経 (“Shijing, the Book of Odes”).
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
詩
うた
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 詩 – see the following entry.
【歌うた】2
[noun] (music) a song
[noun] (poetry) poetry
Alternative spellings
唄, 謳
(This term, 詩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 詩 (MC syi). Recorded as Middle Korean 시 (si) (Yale: si) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 詩 (eum 시 (si))

  1. Hanja form? of 시 (“poetry; poem”).
  2. Hanja form? of 시 (“verse”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

詩: Hán Việt readings: thi (申(thân)之(chi)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
詩: Nôm readings: thơ[1][2][3][6][4][5][7], thi[1][2][4][7]

  1. chữ Hán form of thi (“poetry; poem”).
  2. Nôm form of thơ (“poetry; poem; verse”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Bonet (1899).
  5. Génibrel (1898).
  6. Hồ (1976).
  7. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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