救

救 U+6551, 救
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6551
← 敐
[U+6550] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 敒 →
[U+6552]

Translingual
Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character

救 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈水人大 (IEOK), four-corner 48140, composition ⿰求攵)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 471, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13221
  • Dae Jaweon: page 823, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1460, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6551

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 救

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (求) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
救 *kus
求 *ɡu
球 *ɡu
逑 *ɡu
賕 *ɡu
蛷 *ɡu
莍 *ɡu
殏 *ɡu
梂 *ɡu
俅 *ɡu
脙 *ɡu, *qʰu
絿 *ɡu
銶 *ɡu
毬 *ɡu
捄 *ɡu, *ko
觩 *ɡu

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kus) : phonetic 求 (OC *ɡu) + semantic 攴.

Etymology

Likely cognate with Burmese ကူ (ku, “to help”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 救
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居祐切
Baxter kjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kiuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kuwH/
Li
Rong		 /kiuH/
Wang
Li		 /kĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 救
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjuwH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s.k(r)u-s/
English help, save

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 救
Reading # 1/1
No. 10559
Phonetic
component		 求
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 救
Old
Chinese		 /*kus/

Definitions

救

  1. to aid; to support
  2. to save; to rescue
    只有民主主義能夠救中國。 [MSC, trad.]
    只有民主主义能够救中国。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhǐyǒu mínzhǔzhǔyì nénggòu jiù Zhōngguó. [Pinyin]
    Only democracy can save China.
  3. † to prohibit; to forbid
    女弗能救與？／女弗能救与？  ―  Nǚ fú néng jiù yǔ?  ―  Could you not stop him?

Synonyms
  • (to aid):
  • (to save):
  • (to prohibit):

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (救):
  • → Japanese: 救(きゅう) (kyū)
  • → Korean: 구(救) (gu)
  • → Vietnamese: cứu (救)

Japanese

Kanji
救

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. salvation
  2. save
  3. help
  4. rescue
  5. reclaim

Readings

Korean

Hanja

救 (eumhun 건질 구 (geonjil gu))

  1. Hanja form? of 구 (“save, rescue, relieve”).
  2. Hanja form? of 구 (“help, aid”).

Compounds
Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

救: Hán Việt readings: cứu

  1. chữ Hán form of cứu (“to help”).
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