挺

挺 U+633A, 挺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-633A
← 挹
[U+6339]
CJK Unified Ideographs 挻 →
[U+633B]

Translingual

Han character

挺 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手弓大土 (QNKG), four-corner 52041, composition ⿰扌廷)

Derived characters

  • 𮐄

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 432, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12106
  • Dae Jaweon: page 781, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1869, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+633A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
挺
alternative forms 𡈼 ancient

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(p/b)ljaŋ (“straight; straighten”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2003, 2007).

The intensifier usage “quite; very” is most likely a grammaticalized usage from “outstanding; prominent” (Liu, 2008; Yang, 2021). Alternatively, it may be from Manchu ᡨᡝᠨ (ten, “extreme”) (Aixinjueluo, 1993).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • tháⁿ, thán, thíⁿ - vernacular;
  • théng - literary.

Rime
Character 挺 挺
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 青 (125) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) IV IV
Fanqie 特丁切 徒鼎切
Baxter deng dengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/deŋ/ /deŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/deŋ/ /deŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɛŋ/ /dɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dɛjŋ/ /dɛjŋX/
Li
Rong
/deŋ/ /deŋX/
Wang
Li
/dieŋ/ /dieŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱieŋ/ /dʱieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tíng dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ting4 ding6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 挺
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tǐng
Middle
Chinese
‹ thengX ›
Old
Chinese
/*l̥ˁeŋʔ/
English stand up straight

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 挺 挺
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 12429 12430
Phonetic
component
廷 廷
Rime
group
耕 耕
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
庭 挺
Old
Chinese
/*l'eːŋ/ /*l'eːŋʔ/

Definitions

挺

  1. straight; erect
    筆挺/笔挺  ―  bǐtǐng  ―  straight; erect
  2. to stick out; to straighten up
    挺起胸膛  ―  tǐng qǐ xiōngtáng  ―  to proudly put one's chest out
    挺直條腰/挺直条腰 [Cantonese]  ―  ting5 zik6 tiu4 jiu1 [Jyutping]  ―  to straighten up one's back
  3. to endure; to stand
    我挺不住了。  ―  Wǒ tǐng bùzhù le.  ―  I can no longer endure this.
    挺過這道坎兒/挺过这道坎儿  ―  tǐng guò zhè dào kǎnr  ―  to persist and overcome this hurdle
  4. to support
    我是挺你的!  ―  Wǒ shì tǐng nǐ de!  ―  I support you!
  5. outstanding; prominent
  6. (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) quite; rather; pretty; very
    挺不錯/挺不错  ―  tǐng bùcuò  ―  quite good
    挺可愛/挺可爱  ―  tǐng kě'ài  ―  quite cute
  7. Classifier for machine guns.
Usage notes

In Standard Mandarin, the degree of 挺 is usually less than 很 (hěn) and 非常 (fēicháng).

Synonyms
  • (to support):
  • (outstanding):
  • (quite) (Cantonese) 幾/几 (gei2)

Compounds

  • 伏地挺身 (fúdì tǐngshēn)
  • 傲然挺立
  • 前挺
  • 堅挺/坚挺 (jiāntǐng)
  • 孤挺花 (gūtǐnghuā)
  • 峻挺
  • 廝挺/厮挺
  • 打挺兒/打挺儿
  • 抬頭挺胸/抬头挺胸
  • 拍馬挺鎗/拍马挺枪
  • 挺住 (tǐngzhù)
  • 挺刑
  • 挺妥
  • 挺尸
  • 挺屍/挺尸
  • 挺拔 (tǐngbá)
  • 挺拔不群
  • 挺挺
  • 挺撞
  • 挺撅挺橫/挺撅挺横
  • 挺然
  • 挺然卓立
  • 挺生
  • 挺直 (tǐngzhí)
  • 挺矛 (tǐngmáo)
  • 挺秀
  • 挺立 (tǐnglì)
  • 挺節/挺节
  • 挺胸
  • 挺胸凸肚
  • 挺胸疊肚/挺胸叠肚
  • 挺脫/挺脱
  • 挺腳/挺脚
  • 挺腰
  • 挺腰子
  • 挺舉/挺举 (tǐngjǔ)
  • 挺解
  • 挺起胸膛
  • 挺身 (tǐngshēn)
  • 挺身而出 (tǐngshēn'érchū)
  • 挺進/挺进 (tǐngjìn)
  • 挺過去/挺过去
  • 揚眉挺身/扬眉挺身
  • 昂頭挺立/昂头挺立
  • 昂首挺立
  • 昂首挺胸
  • 死挺挺
  • 牽挺/牵挺
  • 直挺挺
  • 直而不挺
  • 硬挺 (yìngtǐng)
  • 筆挺/笔挺 (bǐtǐng)
  • 英挺 (yīngtǐng)
  • 陰挺/阴挺

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
挺
alternative forms 停
亭

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From 停?”)

Pronunciation


Definitions

挺

  1. (Cantonese) kind; sort; type

Compounds

  • 中挺

References

Japanese

Kanji

挺

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
挺
ちょう
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Counter

挺(ちょう) • (-chō) 

  1. long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, candles, inksticks

Compounds

  • 空(くう)挺(てい) (kūtei): airborne

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 挺 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

挺: Hán Nôm readings: đĩnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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