釘

See also: 钉
釘 U+91D8, 釘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91D8
← 釗
[U+91D7]
CJK Unified Ideographs 釙 →
[U+91D9]

Translingual

Han character

釘 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金一弓 (CMN), four-corner 81120, composition ⿰釒丁)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1296, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40159
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4169, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+91D8

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 釘
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Some theorize that 丁 (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character 釘/钉 was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element 金 (“metal”) added.

Etymology 1

Related to 定 (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1.

“to die”
Short for 釘蓋/钉盖.

Pronunciation 1

trad. 釘
simp. 钉
2nd round simp. 丁


Note:
  • deng1 - vernacular;
  • ding1 - literary (rare).

Rime
Character 釘
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 當經切
Baxter teng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋ/
Li
Rong
/teŋ/
Wang
Li
/tieŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 釘
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ teng ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ/
English nail (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 釘
Reading # 1/2
No. 2379
Phonetic
component
丁
Rime
group
耕
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
丁
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋ/
Definitions

釘

  1. (obsolete, rare) gold slab
  2. nail (spike-shaped fastener)
  3. body piercing
    打舌釘/打舌钉  ―  dǎ shédīng  ―  to get a tongue piercing
  4. to monitor; to urge
  5. Alternative form of 盯 (dīng, “to keep eyes on; to stare at”)
  6. Alternative form of 叮 (dīng, “to sting; to bite”)
  7. (literary) lamp
Compounds

Pronunciation 2

trad. 釘
simp. 钉


Note:
  • deng1 - vernacular;
  • ding1 - literary (rare).

Rime
Character 釘
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 丁定切
Baxter tengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋH/
Li
Rong
/teŋH/
Wang
Li
/tieŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 釘
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dìng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tengH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ-s/
English nail (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 釘
Reading # 2/2
No. 2393
Phonetic
component
丁
Rime
group
耕
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
矴
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋs/
Definitions

釘

  1. to nail; to staple
  2. to sew on
    釘扣子/钉扣子  ―  dìng kòuzi  ―  to sew on a button
  3. (Cantonese, slang) to die
  4. (obsolete, rare) gold
Synonyms
Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 釘 – see 𠄖.
(This character is a variant form of 𠄖).

References

Japanese

Kanji

釘

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
釘
くぎ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. First cited to the Man'yōshu of circa 759 CE, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 久枳.[1] From Proto-Japonic *kunki.

Noun

釘(くぎ) • (kugi) 

  1. a nail; a spike made of metal or hard material used to stick something
    釘(くぎ)を打(う)つ
    kugi o utsu
    to drive in a nail

Derived terms

References

  1. “釘”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

Korean

Hanja

釘 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

釘: Hán Nôm readings: đinh, đanh, đính, đĩnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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