沉
| ||||||||
Translingual
| Traditional | 沉 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 沉 |
| Japanese | 沈 |
| Korean | 沈 |
Han character
沉 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水月竹弓 (EBHN) or 水月竹山 (EBHU), four-corner 37110, composition ⿰氵冗(GJKV) or ⿰氵⿱冖儿(HT))
Derived characters
- 𩂸, 𫪌
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 610, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17190
- Dae Jaweon: page 1003, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1574, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6C89
Chinese
| trad. | 沉 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 沉 | |
| alternative forms | 沈 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (冘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 冘 | *lu, *lum |
| 抌 | *lu, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *loʔ |
| 狖 | *lus |
| 貁 | *lus |
| 耽 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 眈 | *ʔl'uːm, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *l'uːm |
| 酖 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 妉 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黕 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 衴 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 瓭 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 馾 | *ʔl'uːms |
| 髧 | *l'uːmʔ |
| 紞 | *ʔl'oːmʔ |
| 鈂 | *zlum, *l'um |
| 沈 | *l'um, *l'ums, *hljumʔ |
| 沉 | *l'um |
| 枕 | *l'um, *ʔljumʔ, *ʔljums |
| 莐 | *l'um |
| 霃 | *l'um |
| 鴆 | *l'ums |
| 訦 | *ɦljum, *ɦljumʔ |
| 忱 | *ɦljum |
| 邥 | *hljumʔ |
| 魫 | *hljumʔ |
Variant of 沈, see there for more.
Etymology
MSEA areal etymon: similar words exist in Austroasiatic, Kra-Dai, & Tibeto-Burman; yet those are difficult to match with potential OC relations (Schuessler, 2007).
Possible allofams are 淫 (OC *lɯm), 瀋 (OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ), 函 (OC *ɡuːm, *ɡruːm), & 湛 (OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) (ibid.).
Pronunciation
Definitions
沉
- to sink; to submerge (into water)
- to fall; to sink; to subside
- to settle; to make sink
- to suppress; to stifle; to neglect
- to be neglected
- to indulge in; to be given to
- to hide; to be hidden
- heavy; weighty
- dark; gloomy
- deep; profound
- long (duration); prolonged; lengthy
- deeply; profoundly
- (Cantonese) Alternative form of 浸 (zam6, “to drown”)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 重 (“heavy”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 重 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 重 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 沉, 重 |
| Taiwan | 重 | |
| Jinan | 沉, 重 | |
| Xi'an | 沉, 重 | |
| Wuhan | 重 | |
| Chengdu | 重 | |
| Guilin | 重 | |
| Yangzhou | 重 | |
| Hefei | 重 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 重 |
| Hong Kong | 重 | |
| Yangjiang | 重 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 重 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 重 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 重, 沉 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 重 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 重 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 重 |
| Quanzhou | 重 | |
| Zhangzhou | 重 | |
| Chaozhou | 重 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 重 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 重 |
| Wenzhou | 重 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 重 |
| Shuangfeng | 重 | |
Compounds
- 一頭兒沉／一头儿沉 (yītóurchén)
- 下沉 (xiàchén)
- 不沉木
- 低沉 (dīchén)
- 兔缺烏沉／兔缺乌沉
- 升沉
- 南極星沉／南极星沉
- 口沉
- 小隙沉舟
- 屁股沉
- 屈沉
- 悶沉沉／闷沉沉
- 意志消沉
- 打個沉兒／打个沉儿
- 打破沉默
- 折戟沉沙 (zhéjǐchénshā)
- 提沉
- 昏昏沉沉
- 昏沉 (hūnchén)
- 暮氣沉沉／暮气沉沉
- 月落星沉
- 死氣沉沉／死气沉沉 (sǐqìchénchén)
- 沉下臉／沉下脸
- 沉不住氣／沉不住气
- 沉伏
- 沉住氣／沉住气 (chénzhùqì)
- 沉冥
- 沉冤 (chényuān)
- 沉冤莫白
- 沉勇 (chényǒng)
- 沉博絕麗／沉博绝丽
- 沉厚
- 沉厚寡言
- 沉吟 (chényín)
- 沉吟章句
- 沉寂 (chénjì)
- 沉屁股
- 沉得住氣／沉得住气
- 沉心
- 沉思 (chénsī)
- 沉悶／沉闷 (chénmèn)
- 沉憂／沉忧
- 沉抑 (chényì)
- 沉李浮瓜
- 沉枷
- 沉毅 (chényì)
- 沉水
- 沉水香
- 沉沒／沉没 (chénmò)
- 沉沉 (chénchén)
- 沉浸 (chénjìn)
- 沉浮 (chénfú)
- 沉淪／沉沦 (chénlún)
- 沉湖 (Chénhú)
- 沉湎 (chénmiǎn)
- 沉渣 (chénzhā)
- 沉湎淫逸
- 沉溺 (chénnì)
- 沉滯／沉滞 (chénzhì)
- 沉漸剛克／沉渐刚克
- 沉潛剛克／沉潜刚克
- 沉澱／沉淀 (chéndiàn)
- 沉灶產蛙／沉灶产蛙
- 沉甸甸
- 沉痛 (chéntòng)
- 沉痼 (chéngù)
- 沉痾／沉疴 (chénkē)
- 沉眠 (chénmián)
- 沉睡 (chénshuì)
- 沉積／沉积 (chénjī)
- 沉積作用／沉积作用
- 沉積岩／沉积岩 (chénjīyán)
- 沉積物／沉积物 (chénjīwù)
- 沉穩／沉稳 (chénwěn)
- 沉箱 (chénxiāng)
- 沉綿／沉绵 (chénmián)
- 沉脈／沉脉
- 沉舟破釜
- 沉菜
- 沉著 (chénzhuó)
- 沉著痛快
- 沉落 (chénluò)
- 沉迷 (chénmí)
- 沉遠／沉远
- 沉邃
- 沉酣 (chénhān)
- 沉醉 (chénzuì)
- 沉重 (chénzhòng)
- 沉重寡言
- 沉重少言
- 沉降 (chénjiàng)
- 沉陰／沉阴
- 沉陷 (chénxiàn)
- 沉雄 (chénxióng)
- 沉雄古逸
- 沉靜／沉静 (chénjìng)
- 沉靜少言／沉静少言
- 沉香 (chénxiāng)
- 沉鬱／沉郁 (chényù)
- 沉鬱頓挫／沉郁顿挫
- 沉魚落雁／沉鱼落雁 (chényúluòyàn)
- 沉默 (chénmò)
- 沉默寡言 (chénmòguǎyán)
- 沉默是金 (chénmò shì jīn)
- 浮沉 (fúchén)
- 消沉 (xiāochén)
- 浮沉船塢／浮沉船坞
- 浮沉酒醆／浮沉酒盏
- 浮瓜沉李
- 海相沉積／海相沉积
- 浮石沉木
- 深沉 (shēnchén)
- 淹沉
- 湮沉
- 玄石沉湎
- 玉石同沉
- 玉碎珠沉
- 珠沉滄海／珠沉沧海
- 珠沉玉沒／珠沉玉没
- 珠沉玉碎
- 珠沉璧碎
- 石沉大海 (shíchéndàhǎi)
- 破釜沉舟 (pòfǔchénzhōu)
- 破釜沉船
- 碧沉沉
- 神州陸沉／神州陆沉 (shénzhōulùchén)
- 積羽沉舟／积羽沉舟
- 缾沉簪折／瓶沉簪折
- 耳沉 (ěrchén)
- 聽沉／听沉
- 與世沉浮／与世沉浮
- 與世浮沉／与世浮沉
- 與時浮沉／与时浮沉
- 船沉鉅鹿／船沉巨鹿
- 落雁沉魚／落雁沉鱼
- 載沉載浮／载沉载浮
- 轟沉／轰沉
- 鉤沉／钩沉 (gōuchén)
- 銀質沉著／银质沉著
- 鐵鎖沉江／铁锁沉江
- 閉目沉思／闭目沉思
- 陰沉／阴沉 (yīnchén)
- 陸沉／陆沉 (lùchén)
- 陰沉木／阴沉木
- 陰沉沉／阴沉沉
- 陸相沉積／陆相沉积
- 陰陰沉沉／阴阴沉沉
- 隨世沉浮／随世沉浮
- 隨俗沉浮／随俗沉浮
- 隨俗浮沉／随俗浮沉
- 雁杳魚沉／雁杳鱼沉 (yànyǎoyúchén)
- 飛沉／飞沉
- 香銷玉沉／香销玉沉
- 體沉／体沉
- 鬱沉沉／郁沉沉
- 魚沉／鱼沉
- 魚沉雁杳／鱼沉雁杳 (yúchényànyǎo)
- 魚沉雁渺／鱼沉雁渺
- 魚沉雁落／鱼沉雁落
- 魚雁沉沉／鱼雁沉沉
- 黑沉沉
Japanese
Kanji
沉
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Korean
Vietnamese
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