識

See also: 识, 䛊, and 讖
識 U+8B58, 識
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B58
← 譗
[U+8B57]
CJK Unified Ideographs 譙 →
[U+8B59]
識 U+F9FC, 識
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9FC
← 炙
[U+F9FB]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs 什 →
[U+F9FD]

Translingual

Japanese 識
Simplified 识
Traditional 識

Han character

識 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 卜口卜戈日 (YRYIA), four-corner 03650, composition ⿰訁戠)

Derived characters

  • 𧄹

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 識
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tjɯɡs, *hljɯɡ) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 戠 (OC *tjɯɡ).

Etymology 1

trad. 識
simp. 识*
alternative forms 𧨺
𧬣
𧥾

Pronunciation



Rime
Character 識
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 賞職切
Baxter syik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɕɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɕɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɕiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɕik̚/
Li
Rong
/ɕiək̚/
Wang
Li
/ɕĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 識
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shí
Middle
Chinese
‹ syik ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-tək/
English know

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 識
Reading # 2/2
No. 17258
Phonetic
component
戠
Rime
group
職
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
識
Old
Chinese
/*hljɯɡ/

Definitions

識

  1. to know; to realise; to be aware
  2. (Cantonese, Hakka, dialectal Wu) to recognise; to be familiar with; to know (especially someone or how to do something)
    我唔識普通話。我唔識講普通話。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我唔识普通话。我唔识讲普通话。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 m4 sik1 pou2 tung1 waa6-2. ngo5 m4 sik1 gong2 pou2 tung1 waa6-2. [Jyutping]
    I don't know Mandarin. I don't know how to speak Mandarin.
    中國人好識食。中國人好識做生意。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    中国人好识食。中国人好识做生意。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    zung1 gwok3 jan4 hou2 sik1 sik6. zung1 gwok3 jan4 hou2 sik1 zou6 saang1 ji3. [Jyutping]
    Chinese people really know how to eat (to appreciate, to be discerning, to enjoy, to be skilled, to savor). Chinese are good at business.
  3. to appreciate; to recognise the worth of
  4. to distinguish; to discriminate
  5. knowledge; experience
  6. (Buddhism) mind; consciousness; vijnana
  7. † bosom friend; acquaintance
  8. † thought; awareness
  9. † Alternative form of 適/适 (“just now”)
Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad. 識
simp. 识*

Pronunciation



Rime
Character 識
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職吏切
Baxter tsyiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕɨH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕɨH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cɨH/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiəH/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 識
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhì
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyiH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tək-s/
English remember, commemorate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 識
Reading # 1/2
No. 17244
Phonetic
component
戠
Rime
group
代
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
志
Old
Chinese
/*tjɯɡs/
Notes 戠轉註字

Definitions

識

  1. † to put a mark
  2. † to remember
  3. † mark; sign
  4. † flag
  5. † raised words on an ancient bell or cauldron

Compounds

  • 博聞強識/博闻强识 (bówénqiángzhì)
  • 標識/标识
  • 款識/款识
  • 航路標識/航路标识
  • 表識/表识
  • 鐘鼎款識/钟鼎款识
  • 附識/附识
  • 陰識/阴识
  • 陽識/阳识
  • 題識/题识
  • 默識/默识

Etymology 3

trad. 識
simp. 识*

Pronunciation


Note:
  • Zhangzhou:
    • pat - only “to know”.

Definitions

識

  1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 捌 (“to know”)

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 識
Kyūjitai
[1][2]

識󠄂
識+&#xE0102;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

識

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. discriminating
  2. know
  3. write

Readings

From Middle Chinese 識 (MC syik); compare Mandarin 識/识 (shí):

  • Go-on: しき (shiki, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: しょく (shoku)

From Middle Chinese 識 (MC tsyiH); compare Mandarin 識/识 (zhì):

From native Japanese roots:

References

  1. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1995 (paper), page 1049 (digital)
  2. Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1139 (paper), page 582 (digital)

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 識 (MC syik).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448Recorded as Middle Korean 식〮 (Yale: sík) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527알 식Recorded as Middle Korean 식 (sik) (Yale: sik) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 識 (eumhun 알 식 (al sik))

  1. Hanja form? of 식 (“knowing”).

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 識 (MC tsyiH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448Recorded as Middle Korean 징〮 (Yale: cí?) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527ᄉᆡᆼ각 지[1]Recorded as Middle Korean 지 (ci) (Yale: ci) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
  1. 去聲

Pronunciation

Hanja

識 (eumhun 적을 지 (jeogeul ji))

  1. Hanja form? of 지 (“writing; mark”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

識: Hán Nôm readings: thức

  1. chữ Hán form of thức (“consciousness”).
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