解

See also: 觧
解 U+89E3, 解
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89E3
← 觢
[U+89E2]
CJK Unified Ideographs 觤 →
[U+89E4]

Translingual

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character

解 (Kangxi radical 148, 角+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓月尸竹手 (NBSHQ), four-corner 27252, composition ⿰角𭷔)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1142, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35067
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1608, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3925, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+89E3

Chinese

trad. 解
simp. # 解
2nd round simp. 𭷔
alternative forms 觧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 解
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 角 (“horn”) + 刀 (“knife”) + 牛 (“cow”) – a knife separates a horn from a cow, i.e. “cut up (an ox)”.

Etymology

Three pronunciations are cognate. "To loosen; to disengage" > "idle, lazy, remiss". Cognate with 懈 (OC *kreːs, “lazy, remiss”) and possibly 邂逅 (OC *ɡreːs ɡoːs, “carefree and happy”).

? Area stem: *C-re. Compare Burmese ဖြေ (hpre, “to untie; to answer; to ease; to absolve”), အဖြေ (a.hpre, “answer, solution; response; explication”); Khmer រាយ (riəy, “to scatter, to be divided up, to separate”), ស្រាយ (sraay, “to untie, to undo, to explain, to solve”).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • gai3 - colloquial;
  • jiai3 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 解 (解開)
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɛ²¹⁴/
Harbin /kai²¹³/
/t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕie¹³/
Jinan /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiɛ⁵³/
Xining /kɛ⁵³/
Yinchuan /kɛ⁵³/
/t͡ɕie⁵³/
Lanzhou /kɛ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/
/kai⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕie⁴²/ 瓦~
/kai⁴²/ ~手
Chengdu /kai⁵³/
/t͡ɕiai⁵³/
Guiyang /kai⁴²/
Kunming /kæ⁵³/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɛ²¹²/
Hefei /t͡ɕie̞²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁵³/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ka³⁵/
Suzhou /kɑ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕie̞⁵³/
Wenzhou /ka³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕia³⁵/
/ka³⁵/
Tunxi /ka³¹/
Xiang Changsha /kai⁴¹/
Xiangtan /kai⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /kai²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /kiai³¹/
Taoyuan /ke³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kai³⁵/
Nanning /kai³⁵/
Hong Kong /kai³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kai⁵³/
/kue⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kɛ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kai²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /koi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kɔi²¹³/

Rime
Character 解
Reading # 2/4
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 佳買切
Baxter keaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠɛX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚæX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kæiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaɨjX/
Li
Rong
/kɛX/
Wang
Li
/kaiX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kaiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiǎ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gaai2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 解
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jiě
Middle
Chinese
‹ kɛX ›
Old
Chinese
/*kˁreʔ/
English cut up; unloose

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 解
Reading # 1/4
No. 6474
Phonetic
component
解
Rime
group
支
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
解
Old
Chinese
/*kreːʔ/

Definitions

解

  1. to loosen; to unfasten; to untie
    解開鞋帶/解开鞋带  ―  jiěkāi xiédài  ―  to untie the shoelaces
    解放  ―  jiěfàng  ―  to release; to liberate
    Antonyms: 繫/系, 結/结
  2. to divide; to break up; to split; to separate
    解析  ―  jiěxī  ―  to break up; to analyse
    分解  ―  fēnjiě  ―  to split; to reduce to components
    解剖  ―  jiěpōu  ―  to dissect
  3. to excrete; to go to the toilet
    小解  ―  xiǎojiě  ―  to empty one's bladder
  4. to remove; to eliminate
    解除  ―  jiěchú  ―  to remove; to undo; to cancel
  5. to dissolve; to become scattered, less substantial, or less visible
    溶解  ―  róngjiě  ―  to dissolve (in a liquid)
  6. to resolve
    解決/解决  ―  jiějué  ―  to solve/resolve (a problem)
    冤家宜解不宜結/冤家宜解不宜结  ―  yuānjiā yí jiě bù yí jié  ―  to resolve conflicts, not to create them
  7. to solve; to find an answer
    未解之謎/未解之谜  ―  wèijiězhīmí  ―  unanswered question
    解題/解题  ―  jiětí  ―  to solve a problem
  8. to explain
    解釋/解释  ―  jiěshì  ―  to explain; to provide the reasons, grounds, etc.
  9. to understand; to interpret
    不解  ―  bùjiě  ―  to not understand; to be perplexed
    解讀/解读  ―  jiědú  ―  to read into; to interpret
  10. (mathematics) solution (Classifier: 個/个)
    近似解  ―  jìnsì jiě  ―  approximate solution
  11. interpretation; explanation; analysis; understanding
    不求甚解  ―  bùqiúshènjiě  ―  "to not run after over-interpretation"
  12. 40th hexagram of the I Ching

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (解):
  • → Japanese: 解(かい) (kai)
  • → Korean: 해(解) (hae)
  • → Vietnamese: giải (解)

Others:

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 解
Reading # 3/4
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古隘切
Baxter keaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠɛH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚæH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaɨjH/
Li
Rong
/kɛH/
Wang
Li
/kaiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kaiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jià
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gaai3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 解
Reading # 2/4
No. 6478
Phonetic
component
解
Rime
group
支
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
懈
Old
Chinese
/*kreːs/

Definitions

解

  1. to introduce a scholar to the imperial palace
    解元  ―  jièyuán  ―  laureate of local examinations ("foremost among the presented scholars")
  2. to send under escort
    押解  ―  yājiè  ―  to take away under escort
  3. to pawn; to mortgage
  4. to exchange (money)

Compounds

  • 墊解/垫解
  • 女起解
  • 投解
  • 招解
  • 押解 (yājiè)
  • 拔解
  • 放解
  • 申解
  • 發解/发解
  • 皮解庫/皮解库
  • 解元 (jièyuán)
  • 解典庫/解典库
  • 解典鋪/解典铺
  • 解子
  • 解差
  • 解帖
  • 解庫/解库
  • 解款
  • 解當/解当
  • 解當鋪/解当铺
  • 解發/解发
  • 解送
  • 解頭/解头
  • 起解
  • 遞解/递解 (dìjiè)
  • 遞解出境/递解出境
  • 長解/长解
  • 領解/领解

Descendants

Pronunciation 3


Note:
  • hǎi/hāi - literary;
  • ě/ē/ōe - vernacular.

    Rime
    Character 解 解
    Reading # 1/4 4/4
    Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 匣 (33)
    Final (韻) 佳 (31) 佳 (31)
    Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) II II
    Fanqie 胡買切 胡懈切
    Baxter heaX heaH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦˠɛX/ /ɦˠɛH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦᵚæX/ /ɦᵚæH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣæiX/ /ɣæiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦaɨjX/ /ɦaɨjH/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣɛX/ /ɣɛH/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣaiX/ /ɣaiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɣaiX/ /ɣaiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    xià xià
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    haai6 haai6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 解
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    xiè
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ hɛX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*N-kˁreʔ/
    English understand

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 解 解
    Reading # 3/4 4/4
    No. 6483 6488
    Phonetic
    component
    解 解
    Rime
    group
    支 支
    Rime
    subdivision
    0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    蟹 邂
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡreːʔ/ /*ɡreːs/

    Definitions

    解

    1. skills; moves (of martial arts, dance, acrobatics, etc.)
      渾身解數/浑身解数  ―  húnshēnxièshù  ―  all one's skills
    2. (dated, music) to conclude a piece; to complete
    3. Used in 解廌 (xièzhì), alternative form of 獬豸 (xièzhì)
    4. Alternative form of 廨 (xiè, “government office”)
    5. Alternative form of 懈 (xiè, “to relax”)
    6. Xie (place name in Hedong, i.e. 河東, in present-day 運城)
    7. a surname

    Compounds

    • 解㑊
    • 解家沖/解家冲 (Xièjiāchōng)
    • 解廌 (xièzhì)
    • 解池
    • 跑馬賣解/跑马卖解
    • 跑馬走解/跑马走解

    Pronunciation 4


    Definitions

    解

    1. Used in 解州 (Xièzhōu).

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    解

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. solution, untie

    Readings

    Compounds

    Etymology

    Kanji in this term
    解
    かい
    Grade: 5
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 解 (MC keaX).

    Pronunciation

    Affix

    解(かい) • (kai) 

    1. divide; split; separate
    2. untie; loosen; relax; remove
    3. make clear; explain
    4. understand; comprehend
    5. opinion; explanation; solution

    Noun

    解(かい) • (kai) 

    1. explanation; interpretation
    2. (mathematics) solution
    3. answer; reply (to a given question or problem)

    References

    1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

    Hanja

    解 • (hae, gae) (hangeul 해, 개, revised hae, gae, McCune–Reischauer hae, kae, Yale hay, kay)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Compounds

    Tày

    Verb

    解 (transliteration needed)

    1. Nôm form of cha̱i (“rest;take a break”).

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    解: Hán Nôm readings: giải, giãi

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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