鞏

See also: 巩
鞏 U+978F, 鞏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-978F
← 鞎
[U+978E]
CJK Unified Ideographs 鞐 →
[U+9790]

Translingual

Han character

鞏 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一弓廿中十 (MNTLJ), four-corner 17506, composition ⿱巩革)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1387, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42819
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1902, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4333, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+978F

Chinese

trad. 鞏
simp. 巩*
alternative forms 𩊳
𠔣

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *koŋʔ) : phonetic 巩 (OC *koŋʔ) + semantic 革.

Pronunciation


Note: khōng - 誆 is used in the Mainland.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghai):
      • Wugniu: 5kon
      • MiniDict: kon去
      • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2kon
      • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ³⁴/

Rime
Character 鞏
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居悚切
Baxter kjowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨoŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kioŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kioŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuawŋX/
Li
Rong
/kioŋX/
Wang
Li
/kĭwoŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯woŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiǒng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gung2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鞏
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gǒng
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjowngX ›
Old
Chinese
/*k(r)oŋʔ/
English bind with leather straps

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鞏
Reading # 1/1
No. 4067
Phonetic
component
工
Rime
group
東
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
拱
Old
Chinese
/*koŋʔ/

Definitions

鞏

  1. to fasten using a leather band
  2. to secure; to consolidate
  3. firm; secure
  4. † Alternative form of 栱 (gǒng, “post, pillar”)
  5. † Alternative form of 恐 (kǒng, “to fear”)
  6. (~國) (historical) State of Gong (a small state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern-day Henan)
  7. (~縣) (historical) Gong County (in modern-day Gongyi, Henan)
  8. (~州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Gong County, Sichuan)
  9. (~州) (historical) Gong Prefecture (in modern-day Longxi County, Gansu)
  10. a surname. Gong
    鞏俐/巩俐  ―  Gǒng Lì  ―  Gong Li

Synonyms

  • (firm):

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

鞏

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • On (unclassified): きょう (kyō)
  • Kun: かたい (katai)

Korean

Hanja

鞏 (eum 공 (gong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鞏: Hán Nôm readings: củng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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