齒

See also: 歯 and 齿
齒 U+9F52, 齒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F52
← 齑
[U+9F51]
CJK Unified Ideographs 齓 →
[U+9F53]
⿒ U+2FD2, ⿒
KANGXI RADICAL TOOTH
← ⿑
[U+2FD1]
Kangxi Radicals ⿓ →
[U+2FD3]

Translingual

Stroke order
Traditional 齒
Shinjitai 歯
Simplified 齿

Han character

齒 (Kangxi radical 211, 齒+0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition ⿱止𠚕)

  1. Kangxi radical #211, ⿒.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №38

Derived characters

  • Appendix:Chinese radical/齒
  • 嚙, 𪤭, 𡾐, 𫹁, 𢸡, 𤁧, 𤪷, 𦢠, 𥗊, 𮉕, 𦉟, 𮝱, 鑡, 𩪲
  • 𠠚, 𢎕, 𧢟, 𩖁, 𨰒, 𧀤, 𤼻, 𤻽

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F52

Chinese

trad. 齒
simp. 齿
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 齒
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. 之 (zhī) or 止 (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.

Etymology

Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, “fang, tusk”), which is cognate with 齻/𱌺 (diān, “eyetooth”), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (“tooth”). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, “tusk, spur”), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • kī - vernacular;
  • chī - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 齒
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sʰʐ̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Pingyao /sz̩⁵³/ 平~磨
/t͡sz̩⁵³/ ~輪兒
Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
/kʰi⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰi³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰi²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xi²¹³/

Rime
Character 齒
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 昌里切
Baxter tsyhiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰɨX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiəX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 齒
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*t-[k]ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/ (or *t.ŋ̊əʔ)
English front teeth

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 齒
Reading # 1/1
No. 17302
Phonetic
component
止
Rime
group
之
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
齒
Old
Chinese
/*kʰjɯʔ/

Definitions

齒

  1. (anatomy) tooth
    牙齒/牙齿  ―  yáchǐ  ―  tooth
  2. (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
  3. (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
  4. to juxtapose; to put side by side
  5. to utter; to mention
  6. † to employ; to take in
  7. (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
  8. (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
    你莫齒他就是的。 [Xiang, trad.]
    你莫齿他就是的。 [Xiang, simp.]
    nyi3 mo6 chr3 ta1 ziou5 shr5 di [Wiktionary]
    It would be better to not pay attention to him.
    我才懶齒得。 [Xiang, trad.]
    我才懒齿得。 [Xiang, simp.]
    ngo3 zai2 lan3 chr3 de [Wiktionary]
    I'd rather not concern myself.

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 不以人齒/不以人齿
  • 不好啟齒/不好启齿
  • 不置齒頰/不置齿颊
  • 不足掛齒/不足挂齿 (bùzúguàchǐ)
  • 不足齒/不足齿
  • 不足齒及/不足齿及
  • 不足齒數/不足齿数
  • 不齒/不齿 (bùchǐ)
  • 乳齒/乳齿 (rǔchǐ)
  • 令人不齒/令人不齿
  • 令人切齒/令人切齿
  • 令人齒冷/令人齿冷
  • 伶牙俐齒/伶牙俐齿
  • 何足掛齒/何足挂齿 (hézú guàchǐ)
  • 俐齒伶牙/俐齿伶牙
  • 借齒牙/借齿牙
  • 兒齒/儿齿
  • 共為脣齒/共为唇齿
  • 共相脣齒/共相唇齿
  • 分班序齒/分班序齿
  • 切齒/切齿 (qièchǐ)
  • 切齒咬牙/切齿咬牙
  • 切齒拊心/切齿拊心
  • 切齒腐心/切齿腐心
  • 利齒兒/利齿儿
  • 刺齒/刺齿
  • 剔齒纖/剔齿纤
  • 劍齒虎/剑齿虎 (jiànchǐhǔ)
  • 劍齒象/剑齿象
  • 半齒音/半齿音
  • 口齒/口齿 (kǒuchǐ)
  • 口齒伶俐/口齿伶俐
  • 口齒便給/口齿便给
  • 叩齒/叩齿
  • 含齒戴髮/含齿戴发
  • 咬牙切齒/咬牙切齿 (yǎoyáqièchǐ)
  • 噙齒戴髮/噙齿戴发
  • 嚼齒/嚼齿
  • 壯齒/壮齿
  • 大臼齒/大臼齿 (dàjiùchǐ)
  • 大齒輪/大齿轮
  • 孺齒/孺齿
  • 尊年尚齒/尊年尚齿
  • 小臼齒/小臼齿 (xiǎojiùchǐ)
  • 尚齒/尚齿
  • 屐齒/屐齿
  • 差速齒輪/差速齿轮
  • 年齒/年齿 (niánchǐ)
  • 幼齒/幼齿 (yòuchǐ)
  • 序齒/序齿 (xùchǐ)
  • 怒目切齒/怒目切齿
  • 恆齒/恒齿 (héngchǐ)
  • 戴髮含齒/戴发含齿
  • 投梭折齒/投梭折齿
  • 拊膺切齒/拊膺切齿
  • 挂齒
  • 捕蛇去齒/捕蛇去齿
  • 掛齒/挂齿 (guàchǐ)
  • 搜根剔齒/搜根剔齿
  • 撇齒拉嘴/撇齿拉嘴
  • 攘袂切齒/攘袂切齿
  • 啟齒/启齿 (qǐchǐ)
  • 斑狀齒/斑状齿
  • 明眸皓齒/明眸皓齿
  • 星眸皓齒/星眸皓齿
  • 智齒/智齿 (zhìchǐ)
  • 暮齒/暮齿
  • 有齒郵票/有齿邮票
  • 朱口皓齒/朱口皓齿
  • 朱脣榴齒/朱唇榴齿
  • 朱脣皓齒/朱唇皓齿
  • 歷齒/历齿
  • 毀齒/毁齿
  • 永久齒/永久齿
  • 沒齒/没齿
  • 沒齒不忘/没齿不忘
  • 沒齒難忘/没齿难忘 (mòchǐnánwàng)
  • 沒齒難泯/没齿难泯
  • 涅齒/涅齿
  • 混合齒列/混合齿列
  • 潔齒劑/洁齿剂
  • 無足掛齒/无足挂齿 (wúzúguàchǐ)
  • 無齒郵票/无齿邮票
  • 牙齒/牙齿 (yáchǐ)
  • 犬馬齒殲/犬马齿歼
  • 犬馬齒窮/犬马齿穷
  • 犬馬齒索/犬马齿索
  • 犬齒/犬齿 (quǎnchǐ)
  • 生齒/生齿 (shēngchǐ)
  • 生齒日繁/生齿日繁
  • 當門牙齒/当门牙齿
  • 痛心切齒/痛心切齿
  • 發皓齒/发皓齿
  • 發脫口齒/发脱口齿
  • 皓齒/皓齿 (hàochǐ)
  • 皓齒明眸/皓齿明眸
  • 皓齒星眸/皓齿星眸
  • 皓齒朱脣/皓齿朱唇
  • 皓齒蛾眉/皓齿蛾眉
  • 眷齒/眷齿
  • 瞋目切齒/瞋目切齿
  • 禍發齒牙/祸发齿牙
  • 科牙磕齒/科牙磕齿
  • 稚齒/稚齿
  • 種植義齒/种植义齿
  • 羊齒/羊齿
  • 義齒/义齿 (yìchǐ)
  • 脣不遮齒/唇不遮齿
  • 脣亡齒寒/唇亡齿寒 (chúnwángchǐhán)
  • 脣紅齒白/唇红齿白
  • 脣腐齒落/唇腐齿落
  • 脣齒/唇齿 (chúnchǐ)
  • 脣齒之邦/唇齿之邦
  • 脣齒相依/唇齿相依 (chúnchǐxiāngyī)
  • 脣齒音/唇齿音 (chúnchǐyīn)
  • 臼齒/臼齿 (jiùchǐ)
  • 舌齒音/舌齿音
  • 蛾眉皓齒/蛾眉皓齿
  • 裂眥嚼齒/裂眦嚼齿
  • 見齒/见齿
  • 象齒焚身/象齿焚身
  • 資淺齒少/资浅齿少
  • 輔車脣齒/辅车唇齿
  • 輥齒輪/辊齿轮
  • 連齒木屐/连齿木屐
  • 鄉黨尚齒/乡党尚齿
  • 釘齒耙/钉齿耙 (dīngchǐpá)
  • 鋸齒/锯齿 (jùchǐ)
  • 鋸齒草/锯齿草
  • 鐵齒/铁齿 (tiěchǐ)
  • 門齒/门齿 (ménchǐ)
  • 阻生齒/阻生齿
  • 雁齒/雁齿
  • 雌牙扮齒/雌牙扮齿
  • 雍齒封侯
  • 韶顏稚齒/韶颜稚齿
  • 頭童齒豁/头童齿豁
  • 馬齒/马齿
  • 馬齒加長/马齿加长
  • 馬齒徒增/马齿徒增
  • 馬齒徒長/马齿徒长
  • 馬齒莧/马齿苋 (mǎchǐxiàn)
  • 馬齒豆/马齿豆 (mǎchǐdòu)
  • 馬齒長/马齿长
  • 駒齒未落/驹齿未落
  • 鬥口齒/斗口齿
  • 鬥牙拌齒/斗牙拌齿
  • 鬥牙鬥齒/斗牙斗齿
  • 黃髮兒齒/黄发儿齿 (huángfà'érchǐ)
  • 鼻偃齒露/鼻偃齿露
  • 齊齒/齐齿
  • 齊齒呼/齐齿呼 (qíchǐhū)
  • 齒亡舌存/齿亡舌存
  • 齒冠/齿冠 (chǐguān)
  • 齒冷/齿冷 (chǐlěng)
  • 齒列/齿列
  • 齒劍/齿剑 (chǐjiàn)
  • 齒危髮秀/齿危发秀
  • 齒及/齿及 (chǐjí)
  • 齒吻/齿吻
  • 齒如含貝/齿如含贝
  • 齒如齊貝/齿如齐贝
  • 齒尊/齿尊
  • 齒弊舌存/齿弊舌存
  • 齒式/齿式
  • 齒德俱增/齿德俱增
  • 齒擊/齿击
  • 齒杖/齿杖
  • 齒根/齿根 (chǐgēn)
  • 齒條/齿条 (chǐtiáo)
  • 齒槽/齿槽
  • 齒次/齿次
  • 齒決/齿决
  • 齒牙/齿牙
  • 齒牙為猾/齿牙为猾
  • 齒牙為禍/齿牙为祸
  • 齒牙餘論/齿牙余论
  • 齒痛/齿痛 (chǐtòng)
  • 齒白脣紅/齿白唇红
  • 齒石/齿石
  • 齒縫/齿缝
  • 齒耙/齿耙
  • 齒舌/齿舌
  • 齒若編貝/齿若编贝
  • 齒落舌鈍/齿落舌钝
  • 齒落髮白/齿落发白
  • 齒讓/齿让
  • 齒豁頭童/齿豁头童
  • 齒質/齿质
  • 齒輪/齿轮 (chǐlún)
  • 齒遇/齿遇
  • 齒錄/齿录
  • 齒音/齿音 (chǐyīn)
  • 齒頰生香/齿颊生香
  • 齒頰留香/齿颊留香
  • 齒髓/齿髓
  • 齒髓腔/齿髓腔
  • 齒髮/齿发 (chǐfà)
  • 齒鯨/齿鲸 (chǐjīng)
  • 齒齒/齿齿
  • 齒齦/齿龈 (chǐyín)
  • 齒齲/齿龋 (chǐqǔ)
  • 齠年稚齒/龆年稚齿
  • 齧齒目/啮齿目 (nièchǐmù)
  • 齯齒/𫠜齿
  • 齲齒/龋齿 (qǔchǐ)
  • 齲齒笑/龋齿笑

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

歯

Kyūjitai

齒

Kanji

齒

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 歯)

  1. tooth

Readings

  • Go-on: し (shi)
  • Kan-on: し (shi)
  • Kun: は (ha, 齒)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 齒 (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 齒 (eumhun 이 치 (i chi))

  1. Hanja form? of 치 (“tooth”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

齒: Hán Việt readings: xỉ (昌(xương)止(chỉ)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
齒: Nôm readings: xỉ[1][2][4], xỉa[1][3][5], xẻ[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of xỉ (“teeth”).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. Hồ (1976).
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.