孽

See also: 孼
孽 U+5B7D, 孽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B7D
← 孼
[U+5B7C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 孾 →
[U+5B7E]

Translingual

Han character

孽 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 廿十弓木 (TJND), four-corner 44407, composition ⿱薛子)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7047
  • Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1020, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5B7D

Chinese
trad. 孽
simp. # 孽
2nd round simp. 𰰟
alternative forms 孼

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (薛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
躠 *sŋaːd
嶭 *ŋaːd, *ŋeːd
櫱 *ŋaːd, *ŋred
薛 *sŋed
辥 *sŋed
孼 *ŋred
蘖 *ŋred
蠥 *ŋred
孽 *ŋred
糵 *ŋred

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “*s-nya-s ⪤ *s-nyan PUNISH / OPPRESS / COERCE?”)

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 孽
Mandarin Beijing /niɛ⁵¹/
Harbin /niɛ⁵³/
Tianjin /nie⁵³/
Jinan /ȵiə²¹/
Qingdao /niə⁴²/
/iə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /iɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /niɛ²¹/
Xining /ȵi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /nie¹³/
Lanzhou /ȵiə¹³/
Ürümqi /ȵiɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nie²¹³/
Chengdu /ȵie³¹/
Guiyang /nie²¹/
Kunming /niɛ³¹/
Nanjing /lieʔ⁵/
Hefei /liɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /niəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /ȵiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /niaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ȵiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /ȵiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /ȵi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /neʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ȵia⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ȵie²⁴/
Xiangtan /ȵie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ȵiɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋiat̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /jip̚²/
Nanning /nit̚²²/
Hong Kong /jip̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /giat̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ŋieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ŋiɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /ŋiak̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ŋit̚⁵/
Rime
Character 孽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 薛 (83)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 魚列切
Baxter ngjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋˠiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋᵚiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋiæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋiat̚/
Li
Rong		 /ŋjɛt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ŋĭɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jit6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 孽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 niè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngjet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋ(r)at/
English concubine’s son

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 孽
Reading # 1/1
No. 14066
Phonetic
component		 薛
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 孼
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋred/
Notes 集韻孼字

Definitions

孽

  1. son of a concubine
  2. ghost; monster
  3. disaster; calamity
  4. evil; sin
  5. treacherous; evil
  6. (Hokkien) naughty; mischievous

Synonyms
  • (monster):
  • (naughty):
Dialectal synonyms of 頑皮 (“naughty”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 頑皮, 調皮, 淘氣
Mandarin Beijing 皮, 淘氣, 淘, 猴, 猴兒
Taiwan 皮, 調皮, 頑皮, 淘氣
Tianjin 皮, 淘, 猴兒
Langfang 調皮
Tangshan 調皮
Cangzhou 調皮
Baoding 費
Shijiazhuang 調皮
Daming 費勁
Jinan 調皮, 皮, 淘
Xi'an 匪, 淘氣, 俏皮, 皮
Wuhan 神, 調皮, 淘氣
Chengdu 淘氣, 費, 千方兒
Kunming 淘氣
Guilin 跳皮
Liuzhou 跳皮
Xuzhou 皮臉
Yangzhou 調皮, 皮
Hefei 調皮, 皮, 頑皮
Nantong 犯厭
Singapore 頑皮
Cantonese Guangzhou 跳皮, 百厭, 韌皮, 曳, 反斗, 星君, 扭計, 扭紋, 壞, 煞氣
Hong Kong 跳皮, 百厭, 韌皮, 曳, 反斗, 壞, 星君, 犯神
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 百厭
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 頑皮
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 百厭
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 懆
Macau 跳皮
Guangzhou (Panyu) 曳, 跳皮, 百厭
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 韌皮
Guangzhou (Conghua) 跳皮
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 百厭
Foshan 曳, 跳皮, 百厭
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 曳
Foshan (Shunde) 百厭
Foshan (Sanshui) 跳皮, 百厭
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 頑皮
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 壞, 跳皮
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 壞
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 百厭, 壞
Zhuhai (Doumen) 百厭
Jiangmen (Baisha) 百厭
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 百厭
Taishan 壞賞, 壞, 曳, 搞家, 譑蠻, 飛耍, 惡教, 匪類, 扭紋
Kaiping (Chikan) 壞賞, 壞
Enping (Niujiang) 壞鬼
Heshan (Yayao) 韌皮
Dongguan 曳, 百厭
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 百厭, 跳皮
Yangjiang 跳皮, 蠻皮
Nanning 跳皮, 百厭, 牛骨, 頑皮
Wuzhou 韌皮, 百厭, 百跳
Yulin 頑, 牛骨
Hepu (Lianzhou) 跳皮, 勿乖
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 頑皮
Singapore (Guangfu) 韌皮
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 扭計, 曳, 百厭
Gan Nanchang 調皮, 頑皮
Hakka Meixian 蠻皮, 蠻, 番綻, 綻頭, 綻皮, 綻, 懆, 跳皮
Xingning 蠻, 懆
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 頑皮
Huidong (Daling) 調皮, 綻頭, 懆
Dongguan (Qingxi) 頑皮
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 跳皮
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 跳皮
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 綻, 懆
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 賤
Conghua (Lütian) 頑皮
Changting 綻, 懆
Wuping 綻, 懆
Wuping (Pingyu) 綻
Liancheng 綻, 懆
Ninghua 浪綻, 懆
Ruijin 綻, 孽
Shangyou (Shexi) 綻, 頑皮
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 番綻, 蠻皮, 綻頭, 孱頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 殘, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 蓋牛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 番綻, 蠻綻, 綻, 綻頭, 孱頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 番綻, 綻頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 番綻, 綻頭, 綻剁頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 狡怪, 番, 賤頭, 牛, 牛頭, 牛獗, 賤, 真牛
Hong Kong 頑皮
Luchuan (Daqiao) 跳皮
Senai (Huiyang) 跳皮
Jin Taiyuan 頑皮
Zhangjiakou 調皮
Handan 費
Northern Min Jian'ou 刁皮, 韌皮
Eastern Min Fuzhou 刁皮, 楞蟶
Fuqing 調皮
Southern Min Xiamen 孽, 孽潲, 孽唆, 跳鬼, 刁皮, 跳限, 跳塌, 賤, 歹死, 揲, 揲篤
Quanzhou 孽, 孽潲, 孽唆, 跳鬼, 賤, 歹死
Zhangzhou 孽, 孽潲, 賤, 歹, 歹死
Kaohsiung 賤
Yilan 賤
Changhua (Lukang) 狡怪
Taichung 孽潲
Taichung (Wuqi) 孽潲
Tainan 作孽, 孽, 孽潲
Taitung 孽潲
Hsinchu 孽
Penghu (Magong) 狡怪
Penang (Hokkien) 孽, 怪孽, 歹死
Singapore (Hokkien) 孽, 孽死, 孽潲, 賤, 歹死
Manila (Hokkien) 歹死, 孽, 孽潲
Zhangping (Yongfu) 調皮, 惡蠻, 蠻
Pingnan (Shangdu) 頑皮
Chaozhou 燦頭
Shantou 野, 野死, 好耍, 頑皮
Bangkok (Teochew) 跳皮
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 孬
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 跳皮
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 頑皮, 跳皮
Wu Shanghai 頑皮, 皮, 賴皮, 搨皮, 淘氣
Shanghai (Chongming) 厭, 調皮, 頑皮
Suzhou 皮, 調皮, 厭
Wuxi 厭, 皮
Danyang 調皮, 皮
Hangzhou 厭, 調皮
Ningbo 皮
Wenzhou 調皮, 皮, 皮蚩, 蠻, 惡
Jinhua 調皮, 皮, 皮面
Xiang Changsha 跳皮, 跳夾
Shuangfeng 跳皮, 頑皮
Quanzhou 頑皮

Compounds
  • 三孽
  • 亂孽／乱孽
  • 作孽 (zuòniè)
  • 便孽
  • 兇孽／凶孽
  • 冤孽
  • 冤孽債／冤孽债
  • 冤孽症候
  • 凶孽
  • 卑孽
  • 口孽
  • 吃孽
  • 夙孽
  • 天作孽
  • 夭孽
  • 天災地孽／天灾地孽
  • 女孽
  • 妖孽 (yāoniè)
  • 姦孽／奸孽
  • 媒孽
  • 嫡孽
  • 嬖孽
  • 孤孽
  • 孤臣孽子
  • 孽債／孽债
  • 孽冤
  • 孽出
  • 孽唆
  • 孽哥
  • 孽報／孽报
  • 孽塵／孽尘
  • 孽妾
  • 孽嬖
  • 孽子 (nièzǐ)
  • 孽子孤臣
  • 孽孫／孽孙
  • 孽孽
  • 孽寵／孽宠
  • 孽庶
  • 孽愆
  • 孽星
  • 孽根
  • 孽毒
  • 孽海
  • 孽潲
  • 孽牙
  • 孽畜
  • 孽相
  • 孽種／孽种
  • 孽緣／孽缘 (nièyuán)
  • 孽臣
  • 孽芽
  • 孽苗
  • 孽蟲／孽虫
  • 孽裔
  • 孽話／孽话
  • 孽譎仔話／孽谲仔话
  • 孽豎／孽竖
  • 孽障 (nièzhàng)
  • 孽障種子／孽障种子
  • 孽雞／孽鸡
  • 孽類／孽类
  • 孽風／孽风
  • 孽骨
  • 孽鳥／孽鸟
  • 孽黨／孽党
  • 孽齬／孽龉
  • 孽龍／孽龙
  • 宗孽
  • 宦孽
  • 宿孽
  • 寇孽
  • 寵孽／宠孽
  • 封建餘孽／封建余孽
  • 小孽
  • 巨孽
  • 庶孽
  • 微孽
  • 惡孽／恶孽
  • 情孽
  • 戚孽
  • 打孽
  • 揭孽
  • 支孽 (zhīniè)
  • 旁孽
  • 昏孽
  • 格孽
  • 殃孽
  • 殘孽／残孽
  • 殘渣餘孽／残渣余孽 (cánzhāyúniè)
  • 殷孽
  • 毒孽
  • 沴孽
  • 活冤孽
  • 流孽
  • 火孽
  • 災孽／灾孽
  • 無名孽火／无名孽火
  • 煽孽
  • 牙孽
  • 狂孽
  • 生孽
  • 畜孽
  • 疏孽
  • 發孽／发孽
  • 石孽
  • 祅孽
  • 禍孽／祸孽
  • 種孽／种孽
  • 筆孽／笔孽
  • 罪孽 (zuìniè)
  • 罪孽深重 (zuìniè shēnzhòng)
  • 群孽
  • 羯孽
  • 羽孽
  • 臣孽
  • 自作孽 (zìzuòniè)
  • 自作孽，不可活 (zìzuòniè, bùkěhuó)
  • 興妖作孽／兴妖作孽
  • 花孽
  • 苞孽
  • 草孽
  • 萌孽
  • 華孽／华孽
  • 薉孽／𬜨孽
  • 蛇孽
  • 蝗孽
  • 蟲孽／虫孽
  • 蠹孽
  • 讒孽／谗孽
  • 貴孽／贵孽
  • 賊孽／贼孽
  • 逆孽
  • 造口孽
  • 逋孽
  • 造孽 (zàoniè)
  • 適孽／适孽
  • 遭孽
  • 遺孽／遗孽 (yíniè)
  • 遺孽餘烈／遗孽余烈
  • 遺腹孽／遗腹孽
  • 邊孽／边孽
  • 邪孽
  • 釁孽／衅孽
  • 革孽
  • 風流冤孽／风流冤孽
  • 餘孽／余孽 (yúniè)
  • 魚孽／鱼孽
  • 黃孽／黄孽
  • 黑風孽海／黑风孽海
  • 龍孽／龙孽
  • 龜孽／龟孽

Japanese

Kanji
孽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • On (unclassified): げつ (getsu); げち (gechi)
  • Kun: わきばら (wakibara)

Korean

Hanja

孽 (eumhun 서자(庶子) 얼 (seoja( 庶子 ) eol))

  1. Alternative form of 孼 (“Hanja form? of 얼 (“son of a concubine”).”)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

孽: Hán Việt readings: nghiệt[1][2][3][4][5][6]
孽: Nôm readings: nghiệt[1][2][3], nghét[7], nghẹt[7], nghịt[7]

  1. chữ Hán form of nghiệt (“harsh, cruel, stern, ruthless”).

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Trần (1999).
  5. Nguyễn (1974).
  6. Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. Hồ (1976).
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