教

See also: 敎
教 U+6559, 教
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6559
← 敘
[U+6558]
CJK Unified Ideographs 敚 →
[U+655A]

Translingual

Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character

教 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十木人大 (JDOK), four-corner 48440, composition ⿰孝攵)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 472, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13213
  • Dae Jaweon: page 823, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1459, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6559

Chinese

trad. 教/敎
simp. 教
alternative forms
 
斅/𢽾
𧧿
𤕝
敎/教
𡥉
斅/𢽾
𧧿
𤕝
敎/教
𡥉
𡥈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 教
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kraːw, *kraːws) : phonetic 爻 (OC *ɢraːw, “divination”) + semantic 子 (“child”) + semantic 攵 (“teaching cane”) – teaching a child counting or divination.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1


Note: gaau1 - rare.
Note:
  • háu - vernacular;
  • ga̿u - literary.

Rime
Character 教
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古肴切
Baxter kaew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠau/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚau/
Shao
Rongfen
/kau/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaɨw/
Li
Rong
/kau/
Wang
Li
/kau/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kau/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gaau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 教
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jiāo
Middle
Chinese
‹ kæw ›
Old
Chinese
/*s.[k]ˁraw/
English teach

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 教
Reading # 1/2
No. 14642
Phonetic
component
爻
Rime
group
宵
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
交
Old
Chinese
/*kraːw/
Notes 甲文即象執杖敎子,
再加爻聲

Definitions

教

  1. to teach; to instruct
    我來教你。/我来教你。  ―  Wǒ lái jiāo nǐ.  ―  Let me teach you.
Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2


Note:
  • kà - vernacular (“to tell someone to do something”);
  • kàu - literary.
    Note:
    • ga3 - vernacular;
    • gao3 - literary.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 5ciau
          • MiniDict: ciau去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2jiau
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ³⁴/
      • Xiang
        • (Changsha)
          • Wiktionary: jiau4
          • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯⁴⁵/

Rime
Character 教
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古孝切
Baxter kaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠauH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚauH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kauH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaɨwH/
Li
Rong
/kauH/
Wang
Li
/kauH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kauH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gaau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 教
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jiào
Middle
Chinese
‹ kæwH ›
Old
Chinese
/*s.kˁraw-s/
English teaching; instruction

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 教
Reading # 2/2
No. 14643
Phonetic
component
爻
Rime
group
宵
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
敎
Old
Chinese
/*kraːws/

Definitions

教

  1. to provide guidance; to instruct
  2. (obsolete or Southern Min) to tell (someone to do something); to let; to instruct
  3. etiquette; rules; customs
  4. religion; faith; religious teachings
    你信什麼教?/你信什么教?  ―  Nǐ xìn shénme jiào?  ―  What is your religion?
  5. to cause; to make
    Synonym: 叫 (jiào)
    教人哭笑不得  ―  jiào rén kūxiàobùdé  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  6. a surname

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

教

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to teach; teachings, doctrine

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
教
きょう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

/keu/ → /kjoː/

From Middle Chinese 教 (MC kaew|kaewH, “to teach, to instruct”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [kʲo̞ː]

Affix

教(きょう) • (kyō) ←けう (keu)?

  1. teaching
  2. doctrine
Usage notes

Only used in kanji compounds. Never used in isolation with this reading.

Suffix

教(きょう) • (-kyō) ←けう (keu)?

  1. -ism (religion)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
教
さとし
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From either the classical 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal form”) satoshi of modern adjective 聡い (satoi, “clever, sharp-witted”), or the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) satoshi of cognate verb 諭す (satosu, “to admonish, persuade, remonstrate → to redirect into a smarter direction”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sa̠to̞ɕi]

Proper noun

教(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

  1. a male given name

References

    • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Korean

    Hanja

    教 (eumhun 가르칠 교 (gareuchil gyo))

    1. Alternative form of 敎 (“Hanja form? of 교 (“to teach; class”).”)

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    教: Hán Việt readings: giao, giáo
    教: Nôm readings: dáo, giáo, ráu, tráo

    1. chữ Hán form of giáo (“of teaching or educating; religion”).
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