交

交 U+4EA4, 交
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA4
← 亣
[U+4EA3]
CJK Unified Ideographs 亥 →
[U+4EA5]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

交 (Kangxi radical 8, 亠+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜金大 (YCK), four-corner 00408, composition ⿱亠父 or ⿱六乂)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 88, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 291
  • Dae Jaweon: page 185, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 282, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4EA4

Chinese

simp. and trad.
交
alternative forms 胶

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 交
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts




References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pictogram (象形) – a human with crossed legs.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rjaw (“mix”); cognate with Burmese ရော (rau:, “to mix”), Jingpho yau (“be mixed”), kəjau (“to mix, intermix”), compare Chepang [script needed] (ljawh-ʔo, “mixed”) and Proto-Mienic *klaau3 (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • kau - literary;
  • ka/ka̍h - vernacular.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 1ciau; 1kau
        • MiniDict: ciau平; kau平
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1jiau; 1kau
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/, /kɔ⁵³/

Rime
Character 交
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古肴切
Baxter kaew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠau/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚau/
Shao
Rongfen
/kau/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaɨw/
Li
Rong
/kau/
Wang
Li
/kau/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kau/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gaau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 交
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jiāo
Middle
Chinese
‹ kæw ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁraw/
English cross (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 交
Reading # 1/1
No. 6296
Phonetic
component
交
Rime
group
宵
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
交
Old
Chinese
/*kreːw/

Definitions

交

  1. to intersect; to cross
    相交  ―  xiàngjiāo  ―  to intersect
    交好運/交好运  ―  jiāo hǎoyùn  ―  to meet with good fortune
  2. to reach (a certain time)
  3. time or place where two things meet
    春夏之交  ―  chūn xià zhī jiāo  ―  when springs changes into summer
    世紀之交/世纪之交  ―  shìjì zhī jiāo  ―  the turn of the century
    地處豫晉兩省之交 [MSC, trad.]
    地处豫晋两省之交 [MSC, simp.]
    dìchù Yù Jìn liǎng shěnɡ zhī jiāo [Pinyin]
    located where the borders of Henan and Shanxi meet
  4. to hand over; to turn in; to submit
    交班  ―  jiāobān  ―  to hand over to the next shift
    交功課/交功课 [Cantonese]  ―  gaau1 gung1 fo3 [Jyutping]  ―  to turn in homework
    交咗租未? [Cantonese]  ―  gaau1 zo2 zou1 mei6? [Jyutping]  ―  Have you paid rent?
    請把任務交給我吧! [MSC, trad.]
    请把任务交给我吧! [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng bǎ rènwù jiāo gěi wǒ ba! [Pinyin]
    Please assign me the task!
  5. to make (friends)
    交朋友  ―  jiāo péngyǒu  ―  to make a friend
    交男朋友  ―  jiāo nánpéngyǒu  ―  to get a boyfriend
  6. friendship; relationship
    邦交  ―  bāngjiāo  ―  diplomatic relations
    泛泛之交  ―  fànfànzhījiāo  ―  acquaintance
    君子之交淡如水  ―  jūnzǐ zhī jiāo dàn rú shuǐ  ―  True friendship between two men of accomplishment need not be overly demonstrative.
  7. to have sexual intercourse; to mate
    肛交  ―  gāngjiāo  ―  to have anal sex
    雜交/杂交  ―  zájiāo  ―  to hybridize; to crossbreed
  8. mutually; reciprocally
    交談/交谈  ―  jiāotán  ―  to converse
    交易  ―  jiāoyì  ―  to trade
  9. simultaneously; at the same time
  10. 16th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "contact" (𝌕)
  11. (obsolete) Alternative form of 跤
  12. (Hokkien, dated) Used to refer to a private wholesale trading company
    alt. forms: 郊 (jiāo)
Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 交 – see 跤 (“tumble; fall; leg; foot; lower limb; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 跤).
Notes:

Pronunciation

Definitions

交

  1. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) and
  2. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) with; accompanying
Synonyms

Japanese

Kanji

交

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to intersect
  2. to keep company with; to mix with
  3. to cross

Readings

Compounds

Definitions

Kanji in this term
交
こもごも
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 交 – see the following entry.
【こもごも】
[adverb] alternating; one after another
[adverb] all mixed up and indistinct
Alternative spellings
交々, 相, 更
(This term, 交, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

交 (eumhun 사귈 교 (sagwil gyo))

  1. Hanja form? of 교 (“to intersect”).

Vietnamese

Han character

交: Hán Nôm readings: giao

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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