金剛石

See also: 金刚石

Chinese

	diamond; object that is extremely hard and strong	rock; stone; 10 pecks
trad. (金剛石)	金剛	石
simp. (金刚石)	金刚	石
alternative forms	金鋼石／金钢石

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīngāngshí

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣㄍㄤㄕˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹ gong¹ sek⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîm-kong-sa̍k
Northern Min (KCR): géng-gó̤ng-ciō̤
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kim-kong-chio̍h

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīngāngshí
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣㄍㄤㄕˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jingangshíh
  - Wade–Giles: chin¹-kang¹-shih²
  - Yale: jīn-gāng-shŕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingangshyr
  - Palladius: цзиньганши (czinʹganši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam¹ gong¹ sek⁶
  - Yale: gām gōng sehk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ gong¹ sek⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ gong¹ ség⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ sɛːk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-kong-sa̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: gim´ gong sag
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gim¹ gong⁴ sag⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ⁵⁵ sak̚⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: géng-gó̤ng-ciō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /keiŋ⁵⁴ kɔŋ⁵⁴ t͡siɔ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-kong-chio̍h
  - Tâi-lô: kim-kong-tsio̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kimkongcioih
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ kɔŋ³³ t͡sioʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

Middle Chinese: kim kang dzyek

Rime
Character	金	剛	石
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)	唐 (101)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I	III
Fanqie	居吟切	古郎切	常隻切
Baxter	kim	kang	dzyek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiɪm/	/kɑŋ/	/d͡ʑiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚim/	/kɑŋ/	/d͡ʑiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiem/	/kɑŋ/	/d͡ʑiæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjim/	/kaŋ/	/d͡ʑiajk̚/
Li Rong	/kjəm/	/kɑŋ/	/ʑiɛk̚/
Wang Li	/kĭĕm/	/kɑŋ/	/ʑĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯əm/	/kɑŋ/	/ʑi̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn	gāng	shí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam¹	gong¹	sik⁶

Noun

金剛石

diamond
- 貞觀至中有婆羅僧言得佛齒，所擊前無堅物……（傅奕）聞之，謂其子曰：「是非佛齒。吾聞金剛石堅，物不能敵，惟羚羊角破之。汝可往試之焉。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  贞观至中有婆罗僧言得佛齿，所击前无坚物……（傅奕）闻之，谓其子曰：「是非佛齿。吾闻金刚石坚，物不能敌，惟羚羊角破之。汝可往试之焉。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 唐劉餗《隋唐嘉話》卷中
  Zhēnguān zhì zhōng yǒu póluósēng yán dé fóchǐ, suǒ jī qián wú jiānwù...... (Fù Yì) wén zhī, wèi qí zǐ yuē: “Shì fēi fóchǐ. Wú wén jīngāngshí jiān, wù bùnéng dí, wéi língyáng jiǎo pò zhī. Rǔ kě wǎng shì zhī yān.” [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

鑽石／钻石 (zuànshí)
(Hokkien) 璇石, 火璇

Japanese

金剛石 (kongōseki): a rough uncut diamond.

Kanji in this term
金	剛	石
こん Grade: 1	ごう Grade: S	せき Grade: 1
on’yomi

Etymology

Compound of 金剛 (kongō, “adamant, extremely strong”) +‎ 石 (seki, “stone”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こんごーせき [kòńgóꜜòsèkì] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
IPA^(key): [kõ̞ŋɡo̞ːse̞kʲi]

Noun

金(こん)剛(ごう)石(せき) • (kongōseki)

(mineralogy, gems) a diamond

Usage notes

Less commonly used than the English-derived term ダイヤモンド (daiyamondo).

Synonyms

ギヤマン (giyaman)
ダイヤモンド (daiyamondo)
ダイヤ (daiya)

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN