餐

餐 U+9910, 餐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9910
← 餏
[U+990F]
CJK Unified Ideographs 餑 →
[U+9911]

Translingual

Stroke order
0 strokes

Han character

餐 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+7, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜水人戈女 (YEOIV), four-corner 27732, composition ⿱𣦼食)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1419, character 39
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44160
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1944, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4455, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9910

Chinese

trad. 餐
simp. # 餐
2nd round simp. 歺
alternative forms 湌
飡
喰
䬸
𩛳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 餐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sʰaːn) : phonetic 𣦼 () + semantic 食 (“to eat; meal; food”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-dz(j)a-k/n/t/s (“to eat; food; to feed; rice”), whence Tibetan ཟ (za, “to eat”); probably also related to 咀 (OC *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ, “to chew”) (STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, it may be compared to Tibetan འཚལ ('tshal, “to eat”), ཚལ་མ (tshal ma, “breakfast”) (Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 餐
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰan²¹/
Jinan /t͡sʰã²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰan²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡sʰã²¹/
Xining /t͡sʰã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡sʰɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡sʰã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡sʰaŋ³¹/
Hefei /t͡sʰæ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰø⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sʰø⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰa³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛ³¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰan³³/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰan³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰan⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰon⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰon²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰan⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰuaŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰuiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /saŋ²³/

Rime
Character 餐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 七安切
Baxter tshan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰɑn/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰɑn/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰan/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰɑn/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
caan1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 餐
Reading # 1/1
No. 1117
Phonetic
component
粲
Rime
group
元
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
餐
Old
Chinese
/*sʰaːn/
Notes 聲符皆爲歺又

Definitions

餐

  1. to eat
    飽餐/饱餐  ―  bǎocān  ―  to eat one's fill
  2. meal
    早餐  ―  zǎocān  ―  breakfast (lit. early meal)
  3. cuisine; (type of) food
    西餐  ―  xīcān  ―  Western-style food
    食美國餐/食美国餐 [Cantonese]  ―  sik6 mei5 gwok3 caan1 [Jyutping]  ―  eat American food
  4. Classifier for meals.
    一餐飯/一餐饭  ―  yī cān fàn  ―  one meal
    每日食三餐 [Cantonese]  ―  mui5 jat6 sik6 saam1 caan1 [Jyutping]  ―  eat three meals a day
  5. (Cantonese, Gan, Xiang) Classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.
    打人一餐 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 jan4 jat1 caan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to give someone a beating
    做餐懵 [Cantonese]  ―  zou6 caan1 mung2 [Jyutping]  ―  to do a lot for litter in return
  6. (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 午餐肉 (“luncheon meat”).
    餐蛋麵/餐蛋面 [Cantonese]  ―  caan1 daan6-2 min6 [Jyutping]  ―  noodle with luncheon meat and eggs
    餐腿蛋治 [Cantonese]  ―  caan1 teoi2 daan6-2 zi6 [Jyutping]  ―  luncheon meat, ham, and egg sandwich

Synonyms

  • (cuisine): 菜 (cài)
  • (classifier for meals):
  • (classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.):

Compounds

  • 一噎止餐
  • 下餐
  • 三餐 (sāncān)
  • 三餐不繼/三餐不继
  • 中餐 (zhōngcān)
  • 佐餐 (zuǒcān)
  • 便餐 (biàncān)
  • 傳餐/传餐
  • 免洗餐具
  • 分餐
  • 加餐 (jiācān)
  • 午餐 (wǔcān)
  • 唐餐 (tángcān)
  • 堂餐
  • 壺餐/壶餐
  • 夜餐
  • 大餐 (dàcān)
  • 大餐房
  • 大餐間/大餐间
  • 套餐 (tàocān)
  • 宿水餐風/宿水餐风
  • 宿雨餐風/宿雨餐风
  • 小餐
  • 就餐 (jiùcān)
  • 尸位素餐 (shīwèisùcān)
  • 尸利素餐 (shīlìsùcān)
  • 尸祿素餐 (shīlùsùcān)
  • 工作午餐
  • 廊下餐
  • 廊餐
  • 廢寢忘餐/废寝忘餐
  • 忘餐
  • 忘餐失寢/忘餐失寝
  • 忘餐廢寢/忘餐废寝
  • 快餐 (kuàicān, “fast food”)
  • 授餐
  • 揮沐吐餐/挥沐吐餐
  • 握髮吐餐/握发吐餐
  • 旋轉餐廳/旋转餐厅
  • 日旰忘餐
  • 早餐 (zǎocān)
  • 早餐會/早餐会
  • 晨餐
  • 晚餐 (wǎncān)
  • 會餐/会餐 (huìcān)
  • 服氣餐霞/服气餐霞
  • 服露餐霞
  • 朝餐
  • 朝餐夜宿
  • 棄餐/弃餐
  • 正餐 (zhèngcān)
  • 水宿風餐/水宿风餐
  • 渴飲飢餐/渴饮饥餐
  • 營養午餐/营养午餐
  • 特餐
  • 狼吞虎餐
  • 狼餐
  • 狼餐虎咽
  • 狼餐虎噬
  • 狼餐虎嚥/狼餐虎咽
  • 甘餐
  • 用餐 (yòngcān)
  • 盒餐
  • 盤餐/盘餐
  • 秀可餐
  • 秀色可餐 (xiùsèkěcān)
  • 秀色堪餐
  • 竊位素餐/窃位素餐
  • 糲食粗餐/粝食粗餐
  • 糲餐/粝餐
  • 素餐 (sùcān)
  • 素餐尸位
  • 聖餐/圣餐 (shèngcān)
  • 聚餐 (jùcān)
  • 自助餐 (zìzhùcān)
  • 西餐 (xīcān)
  • 誤餐/误餐
  • 誤餐費/误餐费
  • 辭餐/辞餐
  • 進餐/进餐 (jìncān)
  • 野餐 (yěcān)
  • 鋇餐/钡餐 (bèicān)
  • 雨宿風餐/雨宿风餐
  • 雨沐風餐/雨沐风餐
  • 雨臥風餐/雨卧风餐
  • 露宿風餐/露宿风餐
  • 露餐風宿/露餐风宿
  • 風宿水餐/风宿水餐
  • 風餐/风餐 (fēngcān)
  • 風餐水宿/风餐水宿
  • 風餐水棲/风餐水栖
  • 風餐雨宿/风餐雨宿
  • 風餐露宿/风餐露宿 (fēngcānlùsù)
  • 飢餐渴飲/饥餐渴饮
  • 飧餐
  • 飲露餐風/饮露餐风
  • 飲風餐露/饮风餐露
  • 飫餐/饫餐
  • 飽餐/饱餐 (bǎocān)
  • 餐事
  • 餐仰
  • 餐具 (cānjù)
  • 餐刀 (cāndāo)
  • 餐劇/餐剧
  • 餐勝/餐胜
  • 餐和
  • 餐啄
  • 餐啗
  • 餐啖
  • 餐嚼
  • 餐室 (cānshì)
  • 餐巾 (cānjīn)
  • 餐布
  • 餐廳/餐厅 (cāntīng, “restaurant”)
  • 餐廳秀/餐厅秀
  • 餐挹
  • 餐會/餐会
  • 餐服
  • 餐松啖柏
  • 餐松食柏
  • 餐松飲澗/餐松饮涧
  • 餐柴
  • 餐桌 (cānzhuō)
  • 餐氈/餐毡
  • 餐氈使/餐毡使
  • 餐氈蘇/餐毡苏
  • 餐玉
  • 餐痂
  • 餐盒 (cānhé)
  • 餐盤/餐盘 (cānpán)
  • 餐腥啄腐
  • 餐芝
  • 餐英
  • 餐苡
  • 餐葩飲露/餐葩饮露
  • 餐薇
  • 餐衛/餐卫
  • 餐車/餐车 (cānchē)
  • 餐錢/餐钱
  • 餐雲臥石/餐云卧石
  • 餐霞
  • 餐霞人
  • 餐霞吸露
  • 餐霞子
  • 餐霞客
  • 餐霞漱瀣
  • 餐霞飲景/餐霞饮景
  • 餐霞飲液/餐霞饮液
  • 餐霞飲瀣/餐霞饮瀣
  • 餐風/餐风
  • 餐風吸露/餐风吸露
  • 餐風咽露/餐风咽露
  • 餐風嚙雪/餐风啮雪
  • 餐風宿水/餐风宿水
  • 餐風宿草/餐风宿草
  • 餐風宿雨/餐风宿雨
  • 餐風宿露/餐风宿露 (cānfēngsùlù)
  • 餐風沐雨/餐风沐雨
  • 餐風茹雪/餐风茹雪
  • 餐風露宿/餐风露宿
  • 餐風飲露/餐风饮露
  • 餐食
  • 餐飯/餐饭
  • 餐飲/餐饮 (cānyǐn)
  • 餐餌/餐饵
  • 餐館/餐馆 (cānguǎn, “restaurant”)
  • 餐魚/餐鱼
  • 餐鴿/餐鸽
  • 餐點/餐点 (cāndiǎn)
  • 饑餐渴飲/饥餐渴饮
  • 饔餐
  • 齧雪餐氈/啮雪餐毡

References

Japanese

Kanji

餐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Kanji in this term
餐
さん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sã̠ɴ]

Noun

餐(さん) • (san) 

  1. eating and drinking
    最後(さいご)の晩(ばん)餐(さん)
    saigo no bansan
    "The Last Supper" (painting by Leonardo da Vinci)

Korean

Hanja

餐 • (chan, son) (hangeul 찬, 손, revised chan, son, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, son, Yale chan, son)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

餐: Hán Nôm readings: xun, san, xan

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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