怒
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Translingual
Han character
怒 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女水心 (VEP), four-corner 47334, composition ⿱奴心)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 380, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10439
- Dae Jaweon: page 708, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2282, character 3
- Unihan data for U+6012
- Unihan data for U+F960
Chinese
| trad. | 怒 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 怒 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 拿 | *rnaː |
| 拏 | *rnaː |
| 詉 | *rnaː |
| 蒘 | *rnaː, *na |
| 笯 | *rnaː, *naː, *naːs |
| 挐 | *rnaː, *na |
| 絮 | *rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas |
| 呶 | *rnaːw |
| 怓 | *rnaːw |
| 帑 | *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː |
| 奴 | *naː |
| 砮 | *naː, *naːʔ |
| 駑 | *naː |
| 孥 | *naː |
| 努 | *naːʔ |
| 弩 | *naːʔ |
| 怒 | *naːʔ, *naːs |
| 袽 | *na |
| 帤 | *na |
| 女 | *naʔ, *nas |
| 籹 | *naʔ |
| 恕 | *hnjas |
| 如 | *nja, *njas |
| 茹 | *nja, *njaʔ, *njas |
| 洳 | *nja, *njas |
| 鴽 | *nja |
| 蕠 | *nja |
| 汝 | *njaʔ |
| 肗 | *njaʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naːʔ, *naːs) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 奴 (OC *naː, “slave”) – angry.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, perhaps from the same word family as 努 (OC *naːʔ, “effort”). Compare Proto-Kuki-Chin *nuar (“to sulk; to agitate”), whence e.g. Mizo nàwrh (“to sulk; to be displeased”) (Schuessler 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
怒
- (literary, or in compounds) anger; wrath
- 敬天之怒，無敢戲豫。敬天之渝，無敢馳驅。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Jìng tiān zhī nù, wú gǎn xì yù. Jìng tiān zhī yú, wú gǎn chíqū. [Pinyin]
- Revere the anger of Heaven, and presume not to make sport or be idle. Revere the changing moods of Heaven, and presume not to drive about [at your pleasure].
敬天之怒，无敢戏豫。敬天之渝，无敢驰驱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, or in compounds) furious; indignant
- (literary, or in compounds) to burst into anger; to be indignant
- 父母責之，勿怒勿答。侍坐親前，勿踞勿臥。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 《四字小學》
- Fùmǔ zé zhī, wù nù wù dá. Shìzuò qīn qián, wù jù wù wò. [Pinyin]
- When your parents reproach you, do not be indignant and do not talk back. When you sit beside your parents, do not squat and do not lie down.
父母责之，勿怒勿答。侍坐亲前，勿踞勿卧。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (Classical) to condemn; to strongly criticize
- (Classical) strong; powerful
- (Classical) to rouse oneself; to exert oneself
- (～族) Nu people
Synonyms
- (furious):
- 不平 (bùpíng)
- 不滿／不满 (bùmǎn)
- 受氣／受气 (siū-khì) (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 嬲 (Cantonese)
- 嬲爆爆 (nau1 baau3 baau3) (Cantonese)
- 怒憤／怒愤 (nùfèn) (literary)
- 悻悻 (xìngxìng) (literary)
- 悻然 (xìngrán) (literary)
- 憤怒／愤怒 (fènnù)
- 憤慨／愤慨 (fènkǎi)
- 憤懣／愤懑 (fènmèn)
- 氣呼呼／气呼呼 (qìhūhū)
- 氣奪奪／气夺夺 (Hokkien)
- 氣怫怫／气怫怫 (Hokkien)
- 氣憤／气愤 (qìfèn)
- 氣掣掣／气掣掣 (Hokkien)
- 氣沖沖／气冲冲 (qìchōngchōng)
- 激心 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 火大 (huǒdà)
- 生氣／生气 (shēngqì)
- (to burst in anger):
- 上火 (shànghuǒ) (dialectal Mandarin)
- 使性地 (sái-sìng-tē) (Hokkien)
- 使性子 (shǐ xìngzi)
- 使氣／使气 (shǐqì)
- 使癖 (Hokkien)
- 使頸／使颈 (sai2 geng2) (Cantonese)
- 冒煙／冒烟 (màoyān) (colloquial)
- 動怒／动怒 (dòngnù)
- 受氣／受气 (siū-khì) (Hokkien)
- 嗔怒 (chēnnù)
- 大怒 (dànù)
- 奭 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
- 威怒 (wēinù) (literary)
- 尥蹶子 (liàojuězi)
- 𡳞火 (Hokkien, vulgar)
- 弄性子 (nòng xìngzi) (colloquial)
- 忿懥 (fènzhì) (literary)
- 急 (jí)
- 急眼 (jíyǎn) (colloquial)
- 惱怒／恼怒 (nǎonù)
- 惹氣／惹气 (rěqì)
- 惱火／恼火 (nǎohuǒ)
- 戳火 (cuah4 hue2) (Jin)
- 掛氣／挂气 (guàqì) (dialectal)
- 暴怒 (bàonù) (to explode in anger)
- 有氣／有气 (yǒuqì)
- 氣／气
- 氣惱／气恼 (qìnǎo)
- 火大 (huǒdà)
- 火癀 (Hokkien)
- 燒色／烧色 (chiáu-să̤) (Northern Min)
- 爆氣／爆气
- 犯脾氣／犯脾气 (fàn píqi) (colloquial)
- 狂怒 (kuángnù) (to explode in anger)
- 生氣／生气 (shēngqì)
- 癀發／癀发 (Hokkien)
- 發呴／发呴 (7faq 1heu) (Wu)
- 發性地／发性地 (Hokkien)
- 發火／发火 (fāhuǒ)
- 發癀／发癀 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 發老脾／发老脾 (faat3 lou5 pei4-2) (Cantonese)
- 發脾四／发脾四 (faat3 pei4 sei3) (Cantonese)
- 發脾氣／发脾气 (fā píqi)
- 發臉／发脸 (Hokkien)
- 發輦／发辇 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 發飆／发飙 (fābiāo) (colloquial)
- 盛怒 (shèngnù)
- 耍態度／耍态度 (shuǎ tàidù) (colloquial)
- 耍脾氣／耍脾气 (shuǎ píqi)
- 苦氣／苦气 (Hokkien)
- 見氣／见气 (Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Pingxiang Gan, Wu, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang, Pingxiang Gan)
- 起性 (Hokkien)
- 起性地 (Hokkien)
- 起火
- 起花光 (kī-huă-guŏng) (Eastern Min)
- 震怒 (zhènnù)
- 鬧脾氣／闹脾气 (nào píqi)
- (to condemn):
- 僝僽 (chánzhòu) (literary)
- 叱罵／叱骂 (chìmà)
- 叱責／叱责 (chìzé)
- 吆喝 (colloquial)
- 呲 (cī)
- 呲兒／呲儿 (cīr)
- 呵叱 (hēchì)
- 呲打 (cīda) (Northeastern Mandarin)
- 呵斥 (hēchì)
- 呵責／呵责 (hēzé) (literary)
- 喝叱
- 嗔怪 (chēnguài) (literary)
- 嗔著／嗔着 (chēnzhe) (colloquial)
- 怪 (guài)
- 怨怪 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 怪罪 (guàizuì)
- 批評／批评 (pīpíng)
- 指摘 (zhǐzhāi)
- 指斥 (zhǐchì)
- 指責／指责 (zhǐzé)
- 指點／指点 (zhǐdiǎn)
- 捋 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 摘 (literary, or in compounds)
- 撻伐／挞伐 (tàfá) (literary, figurative)
- 數落／数落 (shǔluo) (informal)
- 數說／数说 (shǔshuō)
- 斥斥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 斥罵／斥骂 (chìmà)
- 斥責／斥责 (chìzé)
- 歸咎／归咎 (guījiù)
- 歸罪／归罪 (guīzuì)
- 派
- 激勵／激励 (jīlì) (literary)
- 熊 (xióng) (colloquial)
- 申斥 (shēnchì)
- 痛罵／痛骂 (tòngmà)
- 聲討／声讨 (shēngtǎo)
- 訓／训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 訓斥／训斥 (xùnchì)
- 詬病／诟病 (gòubìng) (literary)
- 說／说
- 說話／说话 (shuōhuà)
- 謗議／谤议 (bàngyì) (literary)
- 譴責／谴责 (qiǎnzé)
- 責備／责备 (zébèi)
- 責怪／责怪 (zéguài)
- 責罵／责骂 (zémà)
- 責難／责难 (zénàn)
- 貶斥／贬斥 (biǎnchì) (literary)
- 貶責／贬责 (biǎnzé)
- 賴／赖 (lài)
- 非議／非议 (fēiyì)
- 非難／非难 (fēinàn)
- 體斥／体斥 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- (strong):
- (to rouse oneself):
Compounds
- 不怒自威
- 人怨神怒
- 勃然大怒 (bórándànù)
- 動怒／动怒 (dòngnù)
- 吼怒 (hǒunù)
- 含怒 (hánnù)
- 咆哮大怒
- 喜怒哀樂／喜怒哀乐 (xǐnù'āilè)
- 喜怒無常／喜怒无常 (xǐnùwúcháng)
- 嗔怒 (chēnnù)
- 天怒
- 天怒人怨 (tiānnùrényuàn)
- 嬉笑怒罵／嬉笑怒骂 (xīxiàonùmà)
- 室怒市色
- 布衣之怒
- 心花怒放 (xīnhuānùfàng)
- 心花怒發／心花怒发
- 心花怒開／心花怒开
- 忿怒 (fènnù)
- 怒不可抑
- 怒不可遏 (nùbùkě'è)
- 怒叱 (nùchì)
- 怒吼 (nùhǒu)
- 怒喝 (nùhè)
- 怒子
- 怒容
- 怒張／怒张 (nùzhāng)
- 怒彝
- 怒形於色／怒形于色
- 怒惡／怒恶
- 怒放 (nùfàng)
- 怒斥 (nùchì)
- 怒族 (Nùzú)
- 怒氣／怒气 (nùqì)
- 怒氣填胸／怒气填胸 (nùqì tián xiōng)
- 怒氣攻心／怒气攻心
- 怒氣沖天／怒气冲天
- 怒氣沖沖／怒气冲冲
- 怒氣沖發／怒气冲发
- 怒氣衝衝／怒气冲冲
- 怒江 (Nùjiāng)
- 怒沖沖／怒冲冲
- 怒潮 (nùcháo)
- 怒濤／怒涛 (nùtāo)
- 怒濤排壑／怒涛排壑
- 怒火 (nùhuǒ)
- 怒火中燒／怒火中烧 (nùhuǒzhōngshāo)
- 怒烘烘
- 怒猊抉石
- 怒猊渴驥／怒猊渴骥
- 怒目 (nùmù)
- 怒目切齒／怒目切齿
- 怒目咬牙 (nùmù yǎoyá)
- 怒目攢眉／怒目攒眉
- 怒目橫眉／怒目横眉
- 怒目相向
- 怒目而視／怒目而视 (nùmù'érshì)
- 怒視／怒视 (nùshì)
- 怒突
- 怒罵／怒骂 (nùmà)
- 怒臂當車／怒臂当车
- 怒色 (nùsè)
- 怒號／怒号 (nùháo)
- 怒蛙
- 怒馬／怒马
- 怒髮衝冠／怒发冲冠 (nùfàchōngguān)
- 息怒 (xīnù)
- 恨怒 (hènnù)
- 恚怒
- 惱怒／恼怒 (nǎonù)
- 惱羞成怒／恼羞成怒 (nǎoxiūchéngnù)
- 惱羞變怒／恼羞变怒
- 慍怒／愠怒
- 憤怒／愤怒 (fènnù)
- 憤怒痙攣／愤怒痉挛
- 戟指怒目
- 拗怒
- 拍案怒罵／拍案怒骂
- 春筍怒發／春笋怒发
- 暴怒 (bàonù)
- 橫眉怒目／横眉怒目
- 沖天之怒／冲天之怒
- 滿腔怒火／满腔怒火
- 激怒 (jīnù)
- 發威動怒／发威动怒
- 發怒／发怒 (fānù)
- 盛怒 (shèngnù)
- 眾怒／众怒 (zhòngnù)
- 眾怒難任／众怒难任
- 眾怒難犯／众怒难犯
- 睜眉怒目／睁眉怒目
- 神怒人怨
- 神怒人棄／神怒人弃
- 神怒天誅／神怒天诛
- 神怒民怨
- 神怒民痛
- 神怒鬼怨
- 突怒
- 羞怒
- 老羞成怒 (lǎoxiūchéngnù)
- 老羞變怒／老羞变怒
- 臺意怒／台意怒
- 藏怒
- 衝冠髮怒／冲冠发怒
- 觸怒／触怒 (chùnù)
- 赫斯之怒
- 遷怒／迁怒 (qiānnù)
- 金剛怒目／金刚怒目
- 雷嗔電怒／雷嗔电怒
- 雷霆之怒
- 震怒 (zhènnù)
- 鮮車怒馬／鲜车怒马
- 齌怒／𱌗怒 (jìnù)
Descendants
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Han character
怒: Hán Nôm readings: nộ
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