貧
See also: 贫
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Translingual
Han character
貧 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹金 (CSHC), four-corner 80806, composition ⿱分貝)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36677
- Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8CA7
Chinese
| trad. | 貧 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 贫 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 貧 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
 |
 |
Characters in the same phonetic series (分) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 扮 | *prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ |
| 盼 | *pʰrɯːns |
| 頒 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 朌 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 鳻 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 份 | *prɯn, *bɯns |
| 汃 | *pʰreːd, *prɯn |
| 玢 | *prɯn |
| 邠 | *prɯn |
| 攽 | *prɯn |
| 砏 | *prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn |
| 貧 | *brɯn |
| 湓 | *pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns |
| 盆 | *bɯːn |
| 葐 | *bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn |
| 坌 | *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns |
| 坋 | *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns |
| 分 | *pɯn, *bɯns |
| 吩 | *pɯn |
| 粉 | *pɯnʔ |
| 黺 | *pɯnʔ |
| 芬 | *pʰɯn |
| 紛 | *pʰɯn |
| 衯 | *pʰɯn |
| 棻 | *pʰɯn, *bɯn |
| 氛 | *pʰɯn, *bɯn |
| 雰 | *pʰɯn |
| 忿 | *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ |
| 魵 | *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 汾 | *bɯn |
| 羒 | *bɯn |
| 枌 | *bɯn |
| 棼 | *bɯn |
| 妢 | *bɯn |
| 梤 | *bɯn |
| 馚 | *bɯn |
| 鼢 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 蚡 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 弅 | *bɯnʔ |
| 秎 | *bɯns |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯn) : phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns, “divide”) + semantic 貝 (“money”) – to divide one's money.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-b(u/i)l (“poor”); cognate with Tibetan དབུལ (dbul, “poor”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).
Pronunciation
Definitions
貧
- poor; impoverished; destitute
- 出自北門，憂心殷殷。終窶且貧，莫知我艱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Chū zì běimén, yōuxīn yīnyīn. Zhōng jù qiě pín, mò zhī wǒ jiān. [Pinyin]
- I go out at the north gate, with my heart full of sorrow. Straitened am I and poor, and no one takes knowledge of my distress.
出自北门，忧心殷殷。终窭且贫，莫知我艰。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to lack; to be deficient in; to be short of
Synonyms
- (poor):
Dialectal synonyms of 貧窮 (“poor; impoverished; poverty-striken”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 貧, 窮 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 窮, 貧窮, 窮困, 貧困, 赤貧, 貧乏, 貧苦, 貧寒, 苦寒 | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 窮, 貧窮 |
| Yantai (Muping) | 窮 | |
| Luoyang | 窮 | |
| Wanrong | 窮 | |
| Xi'an | 窮 | |
| Yinchuan | 窮 | |
| Chengdu | 苦寒 | |
| Nanjing | 窮 | |
| Singapore | 窮, 貧窮, 窮苦 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 窮 |
| Hong Kong | 窮 | |
| Taishan | 窮 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 窮 |
| Pingxiang | 窮 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 窮 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 窮 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 窮無 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 窮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 宋凶, 㾪赤, 窮㾪, 窮赤, 赤窮, 赤 |
| Quanzhou | 宋凶, 窮赤, 赤窮, 赤 | |
| Hui'an | 窮赤 | |
| Zhangzhou | 宋凶, 散, 散赤, 赤 | |
| Tainan | 散, 散赤, 散食, 散凶, 窮赤, 窮散, 窮苦 | |
| Raoping | 磽 | |
| Shantou | 窮, 磽 | |
| Jieyang | 窮, 磽 | |
| Leizhou | 窮, 蒯 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 窮 |
| Suzhou | 窮 | |
| Danyang | 窮 | |
| Hangzhou | 窮 | |
| Jinhua | 倒灶 | |
- (to lack):
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “poor”): 富 (fù)
Pronunciation
Compounds
- 一貧如洗／一贫如洗 (yīpínrúxǐ)
- 七貧八富／七贫八富
- 下貧／下贫
- 不甘食貧／不甘食贫
- 人貧智短／人贫智短
- 倚富欺貧／倚富欺贫
- 劫富濟貧／劫富济贫 (jiéfùjìpín)
- 原憲貧／原宪贫
- 嘴貧／嘴贫 (zuǐpín)
- 嫌貧愛富／嫌贫爱富
- 孤貧／孤贫
- 孤貧顛連／孤贫颠连
- 安富恤貧／安富恤贫
- 安貧／安贫
- 安貧守道／安贫守道
- 安貧樂賤／安贫乐贱
- 安貧樂道／安贫乐道 (ānpínlèdào)
- 守道安貧／守道安贫
- 家貧／家贫 (jiāpín)
- 家貧命苦／家贫命苦
- 家貧如洗／家贫如洗
- 家道貧寒／家道贫寒
- 富不如貧／富不如贫
- 居貧／居贫
- 幫貧／帮贫 (bāngpín)
- 恤老憐貧／恤老怜贫
- 恤貧／恤贫
- 惡性貧血／恶性贫血 (èxìng pínxuè)
- 惜老憐貧／惜老怜贫
- 愛富嫌貧／爱富嫌贫
- 愛老憐貧／爱老怜贫
- 憐貧恤老／怜贫恤老
- 憐貧恤苦／怜贫恤苦
- 憐貧惜老／怜贫惜老
- 憐貧敬老／怜贫敬老
- 振窮卹貧／振穷卹贫
- 振貧濟乏／振贫济乏
- 放富差貧／放富差贫
- 敬老恤貧／敬老恤贫
- 敬老憐貧／敬老怜贫
- 數貧嘴／数贫嘴
- 樂貧甘賤／乐贫甘贱
- 樂道安貧／乐道安贫
- 清貧／清贫 (qīngpín)
- 清貧如洗／清贫如洗
- 清貧寡欲／清贫寡欲
- 濟寒賑貧／济寒赈贫
- 濟苦憐貧／济苦怜贫
- 濟貧／济贫 (jìpín)
- 濟貧拔苦／济贫拔苦
- 甘貧守分／甘贫守分
- 甘貧守志／甘贫守志
- 甘貧守節／甘贫守节
- 甘貧樂道／甘贫乐道
- 療貧／疗贫
- 矜貧恤獨／矜贫恤独
- 矜貧救厄／矜贫救厄
- 耍貧嘴／耍贫嘴 (shuǎ pínzuǐ)
- 脫貧／脱贫 (tuōpín)
- 腦貧血／脑贫血
- 貧乏／贫乏 (pínfá)
- 貧僧／贫僧 (pínsēng)
- 貧嘴／贫嘴 (pínzuǐ)
- 貧嘴惡舌／贫嘴恶舌
- 貧嘴薄舌／贫嘴薄舌
- 貧嘴賤舌／贫嘴贱舌
- 貧嘴餓舌／贫嘴饿舌
- 貧困／贫困 (pínkùn)
- 貧士／贫士
- 貧女分光／贫女分光
- 貧子／贫子
- 貧寒／贫寒 (pínhán)
- 貧富不均／贫富不均
- 貧寒出身／贫寒出身
- 貧富差距／贫富差距 (pínfù chājù)
- 貧富懸殊／贫富悬殊 (pínfùxuánshū)
- 貧弱／贫弱 (pínruò)
- 貧惰／贫惰 (pîn-tōaⁿ) (Min Nan)
- 貧戶／贫户
- 貧民／贫民 (pínmín)
- 貧民住宅／贫民住宅
- 貧民區／贫民区 (pínmínqū)
- 貧民救助／贫民救助
- 貧民窟／贫民窟 (pínmínkū)
- 貧氣／贫气
- 貧無立錐／贫无立锥
- 貧病／贫病
- 貧病交攻／贫病交攻
- 貧病交迫／贫病交迫
- 貧瘠／贫瘠 (pínjí)
- 貧礦／贫矿
- 貧窮／贫穷 (pínqióng)
- 貧窮文化／贫穷文化
- 貧窶／贫窭
- 貧而樂道／贫而乐道
- 貧而無諂／贫而无谄
- 貧胎／贫胎
- 貧苦／贫苦 (pínkǔ)
- 貧血／贫血 (pínxuè)
- 貧血病／贫血病
- 貧賤／贫贱 (pínjiàn)
- 貧賤之交／贫贱之交
- 貧賤之知／贫贱之知
- 貧賤交／贫贱交
- 貧賤糟糠／贫贱糟糠
- 貧賤驕人／贫贱骄人
- 貧道／贫道 (píndào)
- 貧難／贫难
- 貧非病／贫非病
- 貧骨頭／贫骨头
- 賣富差貧／卖富差贫
- 赤貧／赤贫 (chìpín)
- 赤貧如洗／赤贫如洗
- 身貧如洗／身贫如洗
- 鍊貧／炼贫
- 饋貧糧／馈贫粮
Japanese
Korean
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