郭

郭 U+90ED, 郭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90ED
← 郬
[U+90EC]
CJK Unified Ideographs 郮 →
[U+90EE]

Translingual

Han character

郭 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜木弓中 (YDNL), four-corner 07427, composition ⿰享阝)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1273, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39474
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1771, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3780, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+90ED

Chinese

simp. and trad.
郭
alternative forms 𨟍
𩫩
𩫏
𩫖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 郭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Originally written 𩫏.

Later 邑 was added to form an ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 𩫏 (“tall building”) + 邑 (“city”) – a city with tall buildings.

From clerical script, the 𩫏 became written as the unrelated 享 through the process of libian.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/r-kawk ~ s/r-kwak (“outer covering; skin, bark, rind”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

“to be none of someone's own business”
Contraction of 關我/关我 (guān wǒ). See 關……屁事/关……屁事 (guān...pìshì) for details.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • guóh - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • guók - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 郭
Mandarin Beijing /kuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuo²¹/
Jinan /kuə²¹³/
Qingdao /kuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kuo²⁴/
Xi'an /kuo²¹/
Xining /ku⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuə¹³/
Lanzhou /kuə¹³/
Ürümqi /kuɤ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kuo²¹³/
Chengdu /kue³¹/
/ko³¹/
Guiyang /ko²¹/
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /kueʔ⁵/
Hefei /kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəʔ²/
Pingyao /kuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /koʔ⁵/
Suzhou /koʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /koʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ko²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ko⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ko²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kuɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuok̚¹/
Taoyuan /kok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɔk̚³/
Nanning /kʰɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /kwɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kɔk̚³²/
/keʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kua²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kueʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kɔk̚⁵/
/kue⁵⁵/

Rime
Character 郭
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 唐 (104)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古博切
Baxter kwak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kwɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwak̚/
Li
Rong
/kuɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/kuɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwok3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 郭
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guō
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwak ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʷˁak/
English outer wall

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 郭
Reading # 1/1
No. 4752
Phonetic
component
郭
Rime
group
鐸
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
郭
Old
Chinese
/*kʷaːɡ/

Definitions

郭

  1. outer city wall
  2. (literary) (alt. form 廓) outline
  3. (~國) (historical) Guo, a minor state that existed during the Zhou dynasty and was conquered by the state of Qi in 670 BCE.
  4. (Taiwan, Internet slang) to be none of someone's own business; to have nothing to do with someone
  5. a surname
    郭守敬  ―  Guō Shǒujìng  ―  Guo Shoujing (Yuan dynasty Chinese astronomer)

Descendants

  • → English: Guo, Kuo, Kwok, Kuok, Quek, Kuek, Kwek
  • → Tagalog: Kwek, Que

Compounds

  • 倚郭
  • 倚郭縣/倚郭县
  • 傅郭
  • 北郭
  • 北郭先生
  • 北郭十友
  • 匡郭
  • 南郭 (nánguō)
  • 南郭先生
  • 南郭子綦
  • 南郭綦
  • 南郭處士/南郭处士 (nánguō chǔshì)
  • 吳郭魚/吴郭鱼 (wúguōyú)
  • 周郭
  • 四郭
  • 坊郭
  • 城郭 (chéngguō)
  • 城郭國/城郭国
  • 夏五郭公
  • 外郭
  • 女郭
  • 尺郭
  • 山郭
  • 崖郭
  • 巴音郭楞 (Bāyīnguōléng)
  • 市郭
  • 帶郭/带郭
  • 廛郭
  • 折巾郭
  • 月郭
  • 村郭
  • 李郭
  • 李郭仙
  • 李郭仙舟
  • 李郭同舟
  • 李郭同船
  • 李郭舟
  • 東郭/东郭 (Dōngguō)
  • 東郭之疇/东郭之畴
  • 東郭之跡/东郭之迹
  • 東郭先生/东郭先生 (dōng guō xiānshēng)
  • 東郭履/东郭履
  • 東郭逡/东郭逡
  • 柳郭
  • 棺郭
  • 機郭/机郭
  • 水郭
  • 江郭
  • 治郭安邦
  • 溢郭
  • 溝郭/沟郭
  • 石郭
  • 稜郭/棱郭
  • 羅郭/罗郭
  • 耳郭 (ěrguō)
  • 膚郭/肤郭
  • 西郭
  • 許郭/许郭
  • 謝郭/谢郭
  • 負郭/负郭
  • 負郭田/负郭田
  • 負郭相君/负郭相君
  • 賈郭/贾郭
  • 赤郭
  • 車側郭門/车侧郭门
  • 輪郭/轮郭
  • 迎郭伋
  • 邊郭/边郭
  • 邑郭
  • 邯鄲郭公/邯郸郭公
  • 郊郭
  • 郛郭
  • 郡郭
  • 郭亮 (Guōliàng)
  • 郭伋待期
  • 郭公 (guōgōng)
  • 郭公塼/郭公砖
  • 郭公夏五
  • 郭公真人
  • 郭公磚/郭公砖
  • 郭前 (Guōqián)
  • 郭勒木德 (Guōlèmùdé)
  • 郭圍/郭围
  • 郭塹/郭堑
  • 郭家 (Guōjiā)
  • 郭家堡
  • 郭家金穴
  • 郭履
  • 郭巨
  • 郭巨埋兒/郭巨埋儿
  • 郭巾
  • 郭景飛仙/郭景飞仙
  • 郭李
  • 郭椒
  • 郭汾陽/郭汾阳
  • 郭河 (Guōhé)
  • 郭泰巾
  • 郭泰碑銘/郭泰碑铭
  • 郭況穴/郭况穴
  • 郭泰船
  • 郭洛帶/郭洛带
  • 郭璞之說/郭璞之说
  • 郭申
  • 郭碑
  • 郭禿/郭秃
  • 郭穴
  • 郭索
  • 郭細侯/郭细侯
  • 郭舟
  • 郭華情罪/郭华情罪
  • 郭術/郭术
  • 郭邑
  • 郭郎
  • 郭郎子
  • 郭郛
  • 郭里 (Guōlǐ)
  • 郭門/郭门
  • 郭隗宮/郭隗宫
  • 郭隗尊
  • 郭隗臺/郭隗台
  • 郭隗請始/郭隗请始
  • 郭隗金
  • 郭雀兒/郭雀儿
  • 郭順時/郭顺时
  • 鄒郭/邹郭 (Zōuguō)
  • 鄽郭
  • 重來郭伋/重来郭伋
  • 銅郭/铜郭
  • 錫林郭勒/锡林郭勒 (Xīlínguōlè)
  • 鐵郭金城/铁郭金城
  • 鐵郭銅關/铁郭铜关
  • 附郭
  • 附郭縣/附郭县
  • 陰郭/阴郭
  • 青郭
  • 靖郭君
  • 靖郭氏
  • 靜郭君/静郭君

Japanese

Kanji

郭

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. Quarter (of a city)
  2. Enclosure

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
郭
くるわ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 郭 – see the following entry.
【くるわ】
[noun] [from late 1500s] a palisade, wall, moat, natural waterway, or other structure used to divide a specific area from its surroundings, such as a castle or fort
[noun] [probably from early 1600s] the area so bounded by such a structure
[noun] [from 1678] a red-light district, specifically one that is divided from the rest of the town by means of a wall or fence or similar structure
[noun] [from 1698] (poetry, haiku) in 俳諧 (haikai, “vulgar haiku”), the general realm of subject matter used for the opening line
Alternative spellings
曲輪, 廓
(This term, 郭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 郭 (MC kwak). Recorded as Middle Korean 곽〮 (kwák) (Yale: kwak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 郭 (eumhun 둘레/성곽 곽 (dulle/seonggwak gwak))

  1. Hanja form? of 곽 (“outer city wall; girdle”).
    Synonym: 廓 (곽 (gwak))
  2. Hanja form? of 곽 (“a surname”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

郭: Hán Việt readings: quách[1][2][3][4][5][6]
郭: Nôm readings: quách[1][2][3][7], quắt[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of quách (“sarcophagus, outer coffin; outer wall, as of a city or fort; jar containing human remains for reburial”).
  2. chữ Hán form of Quách (“a surname”).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Trần (1999).
  5. Nguyễn (1974).
  6. Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. Hồ (1976).
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