揀

See also: 拣

揀	U+63C0, 揀 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63C0

← 掿
[U+63BF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

揁 →
[U+63C1]

Translingual

Han character

揀 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手木田火 (QDWF), four-corner 5509₆, composition ⿰扌柬)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 440, character 22

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12315

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1913, character 8

Unihan data for U+63C0

Chinese

trad.		揀
simp.		拣^*
alternative forms		柬

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蘭	*ɡ·raːn
攔	*ɡ·raːn
欄	*ɡ·raːn
瀾	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːns
讕	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌	*ɡ·raːn
韊	*ɡ·raːn
幱	*ɡ·raːn
籣	*ɡ·raːn
躝	*ɡ·raːn
爛	*ɡ·raːns
爤	*ɡ·raːns
鑭	*ɡ·raːns
糷	*ɡ·raːns
斕	*ɡ·reːn
揀	kreːnʔ, ɡ·reːns
柬	*kreːnʔ
暕	*kreːnʔ
諫	*kraːns
練	*ɡ·reːns
鍊	*ɡ·reːns
煉	*ɡ·reːns
楝	*ɡ·reːns
萰	*ɡ·reːns
堜	*ɡ·reːns
湅	*ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns) : semantic 扌 (“hands”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ, “to choose”). Originally written 柬.

Etymology

Compare Thai กลั่น (glàn, “to distill; to extract”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiǎn (jian³)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jian³
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaan²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gan²
Gan (Wiktionary): gan³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kién / kián

(Meixian, Guangdong): gian³
Jin (Wiktionary): jie²
Eastern Min (BUC): gēng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kéng / kúiⁿ / káiⁿ / kán

(Teochew, Peng'im): goin² / gain² / gang²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵ke
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gan³ / jienn³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎn
  - Wade–Giles: chien³
  - Yale: jyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jean
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jian³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛn⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaan²
  - Yale: gáan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaan²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kan⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: gan³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kan²¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kién
  - Hakka Romanization System: gien`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian³
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯en³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kián
  - Hakka Romanization System: gian`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian³
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯an³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gian³
  - Sinological IPA: /kian³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jie²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕie⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛiŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng
  - Tâi-lô: kíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keang
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Singapore): /keŋ⁴²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kúiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kuínn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvuie
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kuĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Tong'an, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: káiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: káinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvae
  - IPA (Kinmen): /kãi⁵³/
  - IPA (Tong'an): /kãi³¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kán
  - Tâi-lô: kán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: karn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan⁴¹/

Note:

kéng/kúiⁿ/káiⁿ - vernacular;
kán - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: goin² / gain² / gang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóiⁿ / káiⁿ / káng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kõĩ⁵²/, /kãĩ⁵²/, /kaŋ⁵²/

Note:

goin2/gain2 - vernacular (gain2 - Jieyang);
gang2 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵ke
  - MiniDict: ke^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ke
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ke³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: gan³ / jienn³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kan⁴¹/, /t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴¹/

Note: jienn3 - used in some compounds.

Middle Chinese: keanX, lenH

Rime
Character	揀	揀
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	山 (73)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	IV
Fanqie	古限切	郎甸切
Baxter	keanX	lenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛn^X/	/len^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæn^X/	/len^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kæn^X/	/lɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨn^X/	/lɛn^H/
Li Rong	/kɛn^X/	/len^H/
Wang Li	/kæn^X/	/lien^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăn^X/	/lien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǎn	liàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaan²	lin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤr[a]nʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kreːnʔ/, /*ɡ·reːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	揀
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛn^X ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁr[a]nʔ/
English	select
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	揀	揀
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6137	6145
Phonetic component	柬	柬
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	簡	練
Old Chinese	/*kreːnʔ/	/*ɡ·reːns/
Notes	柬轉註分化字見吳越春秋

Definitions

揀

to choose; to pick
Alternative form of 撿／捡 (“to pick up”)

Synonyms

(to choose):

取 (qǔ)
取捨／取舍 (qǔshě)
抉擇／抉择 (juézé)
挑選／挑选 (tiāoxuǎn)
掄／抡 (lún) (literary)
採擇／采择 (cǎizé)
揀擇／拣择 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
揀選／拣选 (jiǎnxuǎn)
摘
摘揀／摘拣 (Hokkien)
看中 (kànzhòng)
相中
簡／简 (jiǎn) (literary, or in compounds)
選中／选中 (xuǎnzhòng)
選取／选取 (xuǎnqǔ)
選定／选定 (xuǎndìng)
選擇／选择 (xuǎnzé)

Dialectal synonyms of 選 (“to choose”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		選, 擇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		挑選, 選擇, 揀選, 挑揀
Mandarin	Beijing	挑, 揀
	Taiwan	挑, 選
	Tianjin	挑, 揀
	Chengde	挑, 揀
	Tangshan	挑, 揀
	Cangzhou	挑, 揀
	Baoding	挑, 揀, 選
	Shijiazhuang	挑
	Chifeng	挑, 選擇, 揀
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	揀選
	Heihe	挑, 選, 揀
	Qiqihar	挑, 選, 揀
	Harbin	挑, 選, 選擇, 揀
	Jiamusi	挑, 選
	Baicheng	挑, 選
	Changchun	挑
	Tonghua	挑
	Shenyang	挑, 選, 選擇, 揀
	Dandong	挑, 挑選, 揀
	Jinzhou	挑, 選, 選擇, 揀
	Dalian	挑
	Yantai	挑
	Yantai (Muping)	挑
	Qingdao	挑, 揀
	Lijin	挑, 揀
	Zhucheng	剔, 揀
	Jinan	挑, 揀
	Jining	挑, 剔
	Luoyang	揀, 挑, 選
	Wanrong	揀, 挑
	Shangqiu	挑, 選, 選擇, 揀
	Yuanyang	挑, 選, 揀
	Zhengzhou	挑, 揀
	Lingbao	挑, 揀
	Xinyang	擇
	Baihe	挑, 選
	Hanzhong	挑, 選, 揀
	Xi'an	挑, 揀, 挑揀, 選擇
	Baoji	挑, 挑選, 揀
	Yinchuan	挑, 選擇, 選, 揀
	Tianshui	選擇, 揀
	Lanzhou	挑, 揀
	Dunhuang	揀
	Xining	揀, 挑
	Hami	挑
	Ürümqi	挑, 揀, 選
	Wuhan	擇, 挑, 選, 選擇
	Yichang	挑, 選, 揀
	Xiangyang	挑, 選, 選擇
	Tianmen	挑, 選, 選擇
	Hong'an	擇, 選, 挑
	Chengdu	挑, 選
	Nanchong	挑, 選, 選擇
	Dazhou	挑選
	Hanyuan	挑
	Xichang	挑, 挑選
	Zigong	選, 找
	Chongqing	挑, 刁
	Guiyang	揀, 選, 挑選
	Zunyi	選
	Bijie	挑
	Liping	挑, 挑選
	Zhaotong	刁
	Dali	挑選
Kunming	挑選, 揀
Mengzi	挑
Guilin	選
Guilin (Lingui)	選
Liuzhou	挑, 選, 選擇
Changde	選
Anqing	挑, 選, 揀
Xuzhou	挑, 選, 揀
Fuyang	挑, 選, 選擇
Wuhu	揀, 挑, 選
Yangzhou	揀, 挑, 選
Lianyungang	挑, 選, 揀
Lianshui	揀
Nanjing	挑, 揀
Hefei	揀, 選, 挑
Nantong	挑, 揀
Singapore	選
Cantonese	Guangzhou	揀, 挑
	Hong Kong	揀
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	揀
	Macau	揀
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	揀
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	揀
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	揀
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	揀
	Foshan	揀
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	揀
	Foshan (Shunde)	揀
	Foshan (Sanshui)	揀
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	揀
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	揀
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	揀
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	揀
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	揀
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	揀
	Taishan	揀
	Kaiping (Chikan)	揀
	Enping (Niujiang)	揀
	Heshan (Yayao)	揀
	Dongguan	揀
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	揀
	Yangjiang	揀
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	揀
	Singapore (Guangfu)	揀
Gan	Nanchang	揀
	Lichuan	揀, 擇
	Pingxiang	揀
Hakka	Meixian	挑, 擇
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	揀
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	揀, 擇
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	揀
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	揀
	Wengyuan	擇
	Liannan	揀
	Conghua (Lütian)	揀
	Jiexi	擇
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	擇
	Changting	擇
	Wuping (Yanqian)	擇
	Ninghua	擇
	Yudu	擇
	Ningdu	揀, 擇
	Tonggu (Sandu)	揀, 擇
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	擇
	Dayu	擇
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	揀, 擇
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	揀, 擇
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	揀, 擇
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	揀, 擇
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	揀, 擇
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	擇
	Hong Kong	擇
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	揀
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	揀
	Xinyi (Sihe)	揀
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	揀
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	揀
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	揀
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	揀
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	擇
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	揀
	Mengshan (Xihe)	選
	Luchuan	揀
	Sabah (Bao'an)	揀
	Senai (Huiyang)	揀
Huizhou	Jixi	揀, 擇
Huizhou	Shexian	擇, 揀
Jin	Taiyuan	挑
	Yangyuan	挑, 選擇, 選, 揀
	Datong	挑
	Xinzhou	挑, 選
	Lishi	挑, 揀
	Linfen	挑揀
	Changzhi	揀, 挑揀
	Linhe	揀, 挑, 挑選
	Jining	挑, 選擇
	Hohhot	挑, 揀
	Erenhot	挑
	Pingshan	挑, 揀
	Zhangjiakou	挑, 揀
	Handan	挑, 挑揀
	Linzhou	挑, 揀
	Suide	挑, 選, 揀
Northern Min	Jian'ou	剔, 擇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	揀, 挑, 選
Southern Min	Xiamen	揀, 選
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	揀
	Quanzhou	揀, 選
	Zhangzhou	揀, 選, 揀擇
	Singapore (Hokkien)	選, 揀
	Manila (Hokkien)	揀, 選
	Chaozhou	擇, 揀
	Jieyang	揀
	Bangkok (Teochew)	揀
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	選
	Singapore (Teochew)	揀, 選
	Batam (Teochew)	選
	Leizhou	揀, 挑
	Wenchang	揀, 選
	Haikou	揀
	Qionghai	揀, 選
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	選
Wu	Shanghai	揀, 選
	Shanghai (Chongming)	挑, 揀
	Suzhou	揀, 挑
	Danyang	挑, 揀, 選
	Hangzhou	挑
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	挑, 選, 擇揀
	Ningbo	揀
	Wenzhou	揀, 挑, 剔
	Jinhua	擇
Xiang	Changsha	選, 挑, 揀
	Loudi	擇
	Shuangfeng	擇, 揀, 挑

Compounds

不揀／不拣 (bùjiǎn)
千揀萬揀，揀個爛燈盞／千拣万拣，拣个烂灯盏
千揀萬揀，揀個爛燈膽／千拣万拣，拣个烂灯胆
披沙揀金／披沙拣金
挑三揀四／挑三拣四
挑揀／挑拣 (tiāojiǎn)
挑毛揀刺／挑毛拣刺
挑肥揀瘦／挑肥拣瘦 (tiāoféijiǎnshòu)
揀佛燒香／拣佛烧香
揀便宜／拣便宜
揀別／拣别
揀啊揀，揀著一個賣龍眼／揀啊揀，揀著一個賣龍眼／拣啊拣，拣着一个卖龙眼 (kéng--ah kéng, kéng-tio̍h chi̍t ê bē lêng-géng) (Hokkien)
揀妝／拣妆
揀字／拣字
揀手／拣手
揀擇／拣择 (jiǎnzé)
揀樓／拣楼
揀破爛／拣破烂
揀精揀肥／拣精拣肥
揀蟀／拣蟀
揀衣挑食／拣衣挑食
揀選／拣选 (jiǎnxuǎn)
揀飲擇食／拣饮择食
翻揀／翻拣

References

“Entry #8376”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

揀

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

select

Readings

Go-on: けん (ken)

Kan-on: かん (kan)

Kun: えらぶ (erabu, 揀ぶ)

Korean

Hanja

揀 • (gan, yeon) (hangeul 간, 연, revised gan, yeon, McCune–Reischauer kan, yŏn, Yale kan, yen)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

揀: Hán Nôm readings: gióng, giáng, giản, kiêm

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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