疑

疑 (Kangxi radical 103, 疋+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心大弓戈人 (PKNIO), four-corner 2748₁, composition ⿰𠤕⿱龴疋)

• 儗 凝 㘈 㠜 懝 擬 𣝅 𤪦 𤾰 礙 譺 䰯 𢥷 𩼨 㽈 觺 寲 嶷 薿 癡 籎

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 768, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22007
• Dae Jaweon: page 1178, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2751, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7591

Historical forms of the character 疑
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script

疑 (yí) from the Mawangdui manuscripts, Western Han.

Originally an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 or 文 (“standing human figure”) + 夂 (“tilted head with open mouth”) + 丨 (“cane”) – a man with a cane looking around with his mouth wide open, not know where to go – to be confused; to doubt. Compare: 欠 and 既, both showing the "open-mouth" component but on a seated figure. In the oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions, 彳 or 辵 = 彳 + 止 (“foot; toes”) was often added to indicate travelling or movement.

Various components were added later, e.g. 牛 in the bronze script of Western Zhou, 子 in the Qin-style scripts including the proto-clerical script, and 乙 in the early clerical script of Western Han. Meanwhile the main graphical element showing a standing figure eventually became 𠤕 or sometimes 矣 as in the Chu-style script (shown in the table). The Chu also added a 心 (“heart”) component indicating "the mind".

The Shuowen, in which headwords were written in the Qin-style seal script, interpreted the character as “a child standing on an obstructed road to compare the paths”: semantic 子 (“child”) + semantic 止 (“to be obstructed”) + semantic 匕 (“to compare”) + phonetic 矢 (OC *hliʔ). Duan Yucai's commentary on Shuowen offered an alternative interpretation, pointing out that 矢 was unlikely to have a the phonetic component: semantic 子 (“child”) + semantic 𠤕 (“uncertain”) + phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ). However, it is unlikely that any of the currently extant components had once indicated the pronunciation. Zhengzhang (2003) conjectured that the 子 was a corruption of 牛 (OC *ŋʷɯ) that had been the phonetic component.

The current form is derived from the Qin–Han clerical scripts, where on the right-hand side the elements 子 + 止 or 子 + 乙 have recombined into 龴 + 疋.

Perhaps related to 礙 (OC *ŋɯːs, “to obstruct”) (Schuessler, 2007); Cf. Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ʔ/N-g(r)ak (“to block; to obstruct”) (STEDT, provisional).

疑

1. to doubt; to question

   Antonym: 信

   1. doubtful
   2. question; query
2. to suspect
   1. suspicious
3. 62nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "doubt, unconfidence" (𝍃)
4. as if

   • 飛流直下三千尺，疑是銀河落九天。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Li Bai: The Waterfall on Mount Lu (望廬山瀑布), 701 A.D.–762 A.D.

     Fēiliú zhíxià sānqiānchǐ, yíshì yínhé luòjiǔtiān. [Pinyin]

     Its torrent dashes down three thousand feet from high / As if the Silver River fell from the blue sky.

5. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 疑 (MC ngi)

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. doubt
2. suspect

• Go-on: ぎ (gi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ぎ (gi, Jōyō)
• On: きょう (kyō)
• Kun: うたがう (utagau, 疑う, Jōyō); うたがわしい (utagawashii, 疑わしい)

• 疑(ぎ)心(しん) (gishin)
• 被(ひ)疑(ぎ)者(しゃ) (higisha)
• 懐(かい)疑(ぎ) (kaigi)
• 疑(ぎ)問(もん) (gimon)
• 疑(ぎ)問(もん)符(ふ) (gimonfu)
• 質(しつ)疑(ぎ) (shitsugi)
• 容(よう)疑(ぎ) (yōgi)
• 容(よう)疑(ぎ)者(しゃ) (yōgisha)
• 疑(ぎ)惧(く) (giku)
• 疑(ぎ)懼(く) (giku)
• 疑(ぎ)念(ねん) (ginen)

疑 • (ui, eung) (hangeul 의, 응, revised ui, eung, McCune–Reischauer ŭi, ŭng, Yale uy, ung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

疑: Hán Nôm readings: nghi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.