肥

肥 U+80A5, 肥
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80A5
← 肤
[U+80A4]
CJK Unified Ideographs 肦 →
[U+80A6]

Translingual

Han character

肥 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月日山 (BAU), four-corner 77217, composition ⿰月巴(GJKV) or ⿰⺼巴(HT))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1426, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2055, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+80A5

Chinese

trad. 肥
simp. # 肥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 肥
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Shuowen Jiezi: Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 肉 (“meat”) + 卪 (“person kneeling”). Ji Xusheng (2004) posits that its actually a phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *bɯl) : semantic 肉 + abbreviated phonetic 妃 (OC *pʰɯːls, *pʰɯl).

Etymology 1

STEDT provisionally assigns this to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bu ~ bur.

Pronunciation


Note: fai6 - rare.
Note:
  • bùi - vernacular;
  • pì - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 肥
Mandarin Beijing /fei³⁵/
Harbin /fei²⁴/
Tianjin /fei⁴⁵/
Jinan /fei⁴²/
Qingdao /fe⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fi⁴²/
Xi'an /fi²⁴/
Xining /fɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /fei⁵³/
Lanzhou /fei⁵³/
Ürümqi /fei⁵¹/
Wuhan /fei²¹³/
Chengdu /fei³¹/
Guiyang /fei²¹/
Kunming /fei³¹/
Nanjing /fəi²⁴/
Hefei /fe⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /fei¹¹/
Pingyao /xuei¹³/
Hohhot /fei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /vi²³/
/bi²³/
Suzhou /vi¹³/
Hangzhou /bi²¹³/
/vi²¹³/
Wenzhou /vei³¹/
/bei³¹/
Hui Shexian /fe⁴⁴/
Tunxi /fe⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /fei¹³/
Xiangtan /ɸəi¹²/
Gan Nanchang /fɨi⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /pʰi¹¹/
Taoyuan /pʰui¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fei²¹/
Nanning /fi²¹/
Hong Kong /fei²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hui³⁵/
/pui³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /puoi⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /py³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /pui⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbui³¹/

Rime
Character 肥
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 微 (21)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符非切
Baxter bj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bʉi/
Pan
Wuyun
/bʷɨi/
Shao
Rongfen
/biuəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/buj/
Li
Rong
/biuəi/
Wang
Li
/bĭwəi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱwe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
féi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fei4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 肥
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
féi
Middle
Chinese
‹ bjɨj ›
Old
Chinese
/*[b][ə]r/
English fat (adj.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 肥
Reading # 1/1
No. 3118
Phonetic
component
肥
Rime
group
微
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
肥
Old
Chinese
/*bɯl/
Notes 俞敏雲妃省聲

Definitions

肥

  1. fat; plump; obese (adjective)
    農場裡的小豬長得肥肥的,好可愛。 [MSC, trad.]
    农场里的小猪长得肥肥的,好可爱。 [MSC, simp.]
    Nóngchǎng lǐ de xiǎozhū zhǎng de féiféi de, hǎo kě'ài. [Pinyin]
    The pigs in the farm are quite plump, very cute.
    一時嫌人肥,一時嫌人瘦,都唔知點好。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    一时嫌人肥,一时嫌人瘦,都唔知点好。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    jat1 si4 jim4 jan4 fei4, jat1 si4 jim4 jan4 sau3, dou1 m4 zi1 dim2 hou2. [Jyutping]
    Sometimes, I'm criticized for being fat, while other times, I'm criticized for being skinny. I don't know what to do.
  2. fat; fatness (noun)
    減肥/减肥  ―  jiǎnféi  ―  to lose weight
  3. fertile
  4. fertiliser
    化肥  ―  huàféi  ―  chemical fertilizer
    氮肥  ―  dànféi  ―  nitrogenous fertilizer
    施肥  ―  shīféi  ―  to apply fertilizer
  5. (usually derogatory) benefit; advantage; gain
Usage notes
  • In northern varieties, including Standard Mandarin, 肥 (féi) is usually used for animals, and people are described as 胖 (pàng). This distinction is not seen in southern varieties, such as Cantonese, Hakka, and Min.
Synonyms
  • (fat):
  • (benefit):
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “fat”): 瘦 (shòu, “skinny”)

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Proto-Tai: *bwiːᴬ (“fat”)
  • → Thai: ปุ๋ย (bpǔi, “fertilizer”)

Etymology 2

Shortened from 肥佬 (fei4 lou2), from English fail.

Pronunciation

Definitions

肥

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (a test)
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (someone) in a test

References

Japanese

Kanji

肥

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. fat, plump
  2. productive, fertile

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
肥
こえ
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

肥(こえ) • (koe) 

  1. manure, fertilizer, dung

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

肥 • (bi) (hangeul 비)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

肥: Hán Nôm readings: phì, phè, phề

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Zhuang

Noun

肥

  1. Sawndip form of feiz (“fire”)
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