補

See also: 补
補 U+88DC, 補
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-88DC
← 裛
[U+88DB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 裝 →
[U+88DD]

Translingual

Han character

補 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中戈十月 (LIJB), four-corner 33227, composition ⿰衤甫)

Derived characters

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1117, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34320
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1583, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3093, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+88DC

Chinese
trad. 補
simp. 补

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (甫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
豧 *pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas
縛 *baːɡs, *baɡ
逋 *paː
餔 *paː, *baːs
晡 *paː
庯 *paː
陠 *paː, *pʰaː
鵏 *paː, *baːs
峬 *paː
誧 *paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs
秿 *paː, *pʰa, *baʔ
鯆 *paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ
補 *paːʔ
圃 *paːʔ, *paːs
鋪 *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa
痡 *pʰaː, *pʰa
浦 *pʰaːʔ
烳 *pʰaːʔ
溥 *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ
悑 *pʰaːs
酺 *baː
匍 *baː
蜅 *baː, *paʔ
脯 *baː, *paʔ
葡 *baː
蒱 *baː
蒲 *baː
簿 *baːʔ, *baːɡ
捕 *baːs
哺 *baːs
簠 *pa, *paʔ, *pʰas
甫 *paʔ
黼 *paʔ
莆 *paʔ
俌 *paʔ, *pʰaʔ
郙 *paʔ, *pʰa
傅 *paɡs
搏 *paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ
麱 *pʰa
尃 *pʰa
榑 *ba
輔 *baʔ
鬴 *baʔ
賻 *baɡs
博 *paːɡ
髆 *paːɡ
鎛 *paːɡ
猼 *paːɡ
餺 *paːɡ
簙 *paːɡ
鑮 *paːɡ, *baːɡ
欂 *paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ
蒪 *pʰaːɡ
膊 *pʰaːɡ
薄 *baːɡ
礡 *baːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːʔ) : semantic 衤 (“clothes”) + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-p(ʷ)a (“to patch; to mend; to sew”) (STEDT); compare Burmese ဖာ (hpa, “to patch; to mend”), Jingpho pa (pa³¹, “mended”).

According to Schuessler (2007), 補 (OC *paːʔ) is an area word; compare Khmer ប៉ះ (pah, “to mend; to patch; to fix”), Proto-Vietic *k-paːʔ (“to repair; to sew”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 補
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 博古切
Baxter puX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /puoX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /puoX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /poX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pɔX/
Li
Rong		 /poX/
Wang
Li		 /puX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /puoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 bou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 補
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ puX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[Cə]-pˁaʔ/
English to patch

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 補
Reading # 1/1
No. 3420
Phonetic
component		 甫
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 補
Old
Chinese		 /*paːʔ/

Definitions

補

  1. to mend; to repair; to fix
    補衫／补衫 [Cantonese]  ―  bou2 saam1 [Jyutping]  ―  to mend clothes
  2. to compensate; to recompense; to make up for
    補償／补偿  ―  bǔcháng  ―  to compensate
    彌補／弥补  ―  míbǔ  ―  to make up for a loss
  3. to add; to augment; to increase; to raise
  4. to make up for a deficiency; to nourish
    補鈣／补钙  ―  bǔgài  ―  to counteract a calcium deficiency
  5. benefit; profit; advantage
  6. (transgender slang) Short for 補佳樂／补佳乐 (“Progynova”); E (estrogen)
  7. a surname: Bu

Synonyms
  • (to mend):
  • (to compensate):
  • (to add):
  • (to make up for a deficiency): 補養／补养 (bǔyǎng)
  • (benefit):

See also
  • (E): 螺 (luó, “spiro”), 色 (sè, “cypro”)

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji
補

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. supplement

Readings

Korean

Hanja

補 (eumhun 도울 보 (doul bo))
補 (eumhun 기울 보 (giul bo))

  1. Hanja form? of 보 (“mend, patch, fix, repair, restore”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 보하다 (補―, bohada, “to strengthen”)
  • 보조 (補助, bojo, “help, aid”)
  • 보조하다 (補助―, bojohada, “to help, aid”)
  • 보조사 (補助詞, bojosa, “accessory word, complement”)
  • 보조자 (補助者, bojoja, “assistant”)
  • 보좌 (補佐, bojwa, “assistance”)
  • 시보 (試補, sibo, “probationary”)
  • 보강 (補强, bogang, “reinforcement”)
  • 보강하다 (補强―, boganghada, “to reinforce”)
  • 보충 (補充, bochung, “supplement”)
  • 보충하다 (補充―, bochunghada, “to supplement, replenish”)
  • 보청기 (補聽器, bocheonggi, “hearing aid”)
  • 보완 (補完, bowan, “supplementation”)
  • 보완하다 (補完―, bowanhada, “to make up for, supplement”)
  • 보급 (補給, bogeup, “supply”)
  • 보급하다 (補給―, bogeuphada, “to supply”)
  • 보수 (補修, bosu, “restoration, repair”)
  • 보수하다 (補修―, bosuhada, “to restore, repair”)
  • 보정 (補正, bojeong, “revision, correction”)
  • 보정하다 (補正―, bojeonghada, “to revise, correct”)
  • 후보 (候補, hubo, “candidate”)

Vietnamese

Han character

補: Hán Nôm readings: bổ, bó, bỏ, bõ, bủa, bù, vỏ, bồ

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