造

造 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹土口 (YHGR), four-corner 3430₆, composition ⿺辶告)

• 𠻛, 𭏤, 𡠻, 慥, 𢳥, 𭧙, 𪳤, 𰟔, 𭹱, 𬒝, 糙, 䎭, 䒃, 䗢, 𧷹, 𨄹, 𮡀, 𬩭, 䔏, 𡮯, 簉, 𨖰

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1258, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38898
• Dae Jaweon: page 1746, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3841, character 6
• Unihan data for U+9020

Bronze script (per 漢語多功能字庫): Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ) : semantic 辶 (“to walk”) + phonetic 屮 (sʰuːʔ) + semantic 口.

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ) : semantic 辶 (“to walk”) + phonetic 告 (OC *kuːɡs, *kuːɡ).

造

1. to make; to build; to manufacture

   造船  ―  zàochuán  ―  to build a ship

   仿造  ―  fǎngzào  ―  to produce something after a model; to copy

   創造／创造  ―  chuàngzào  ―  to create

   造房子  ―  zào fángzǐ  ―  to build a house

   造輿論／造舆论  ―  zào yúlùn  ―  to manufacture public opinion

   造軍艦／造军舰  ―  zào jūnjiàn  ―  to manufacture a warship

   • 萬物是藉著他造的；凡被造的，沒有一樣不是藉著他造的。 [MSC, trad.]
     万物是借着他造的；凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version), 約翰福音 (John) 1:3

     Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de; fán bèi zào de, méiyǒu yī yàng bùshì jièzhe tā zào de. [Pinyin]

     All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

2. to make up; to fabricate

   造假賬／造假账  ―  zào jiǎzhàng  ―  to cook the books

   造謠／造谣  ―  zàoyáo  ―  to fabricate stories

3. (colloquial) to spend money without constraint
4. (literary, obsolete) to start
5. (literary, obsolete) to establish
6. (dialectal) harvest of crops

   早造  ―  zǎozào  ―  early crops

7. (dialectal) Classifier for harvests.

   一年種兩造米 [Cantonese, trad.]
   一年种两造米 [Cantonese, simp.]

   jat¹ nin⁴ zung³ loeng⁵ zou⁶ mai⁵ [Jyutping]

   to grow two rice crops per year

8. (law) party concerned in the suit

   對造／对造  ―  duìzào  ―  opposing side in a court case

造

1. (literary) to go to; to visit; to reach

   造訪／造访  ―  zàofǎng  ―  to pay a visit; to call on

   登峰造極／登峰造极  ―  dēngfēngzàojí  ―  to reach great heights; to reach the peak of perfection

2. (literary) attainments; achievements

   造詣／造诣  ―  zàoyì  ―  attainments; achievements

3. (literary) to train

   深造  ―  shēnzào  ―  to pursue advanced studies

   可造之材  ―  kězàozhīcái  ―  a promising talent deserving training

4. (literary) to give a life

   再造之恩  ―  zàizàozhī'ēn  ―  great benevolence of saving one's life

5. (literary) era

造

1. Used in 新造 (xīnzào, “Xinzao, a town in Guangzhou”).

造

1. (Mandarin, slang) Contraction of 知道 (zhīdào).

   你造嗎？／你造吗？  ―  Nǐ zào ma?  ―  Didja know?

• “造”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04146

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. create, make, physique, structure

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC dzawX); compare Mandarin 造 (zào):

• Go-on: ぞう (zō, Jōyō)^{←ざう (zau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC tshawH); compare Mandarin 造 (zào, cào):

• Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ぞう (zō, Jōyō)^{←ざう (zau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: いたる (itaru, 造る); つく (tsuku); つくる (tsukuru, 造る, Jōyō); つくり (tsukuri, 造り); なす (nasu, 造す); なる (naru, 造る); みやつこ (miyatsuko, 造)
• Nanori: いたる (itaru); なり (nari); なる (naru); はじめ (hajime); みやつこ (miyatsuko)

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC dzawX).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞(ː)]
• Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Wikisource 造 (eumhun 지을 조 (jieul jo))

1. Hanja form^? of 조 (“to create; to make”).
2. Hanja form^? of 조 (“physique; structure”).

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC tshawH).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞(ː)]
• Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

造 (eumhun 이룰 조 (irul jo))

1. (literary) Hanja form^? of 조 (“to achieve”).

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

造: Hán Nôm readings: tạo, xáo, xạo, tháo

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