皮

皮 (Kangxi radical 107, 皮+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE), four-corner 4024₇, composition ⿻⿱丨又⿰丿乛)

1. Kangxi radical #107, ⽪.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/皮
• 佊, 𰃺, 𠱀, 坡, 𡛡, 㝿, 岥, 帔, 㢰, 彼, 怶, 披, 波, 狓, 陂, 𣃣, 柀, 𣥣, 㱟, 𣬼, 𭴗, 𤖷, 𤙎, 玻, 䏢, 𬒳, 𤱍, 𭼀, 𥅗, 破, 秛, 𬔜, 被, 𥹖, 紴, 𮉲, 𦍷, 翍, 耚, 𦚆, 𦨭, 蚾, 𪤻, 𫵃, 詖(诐), 䜵, 𧰸, 䝛, 貱(𬥶), 𧹞, 跛, 𨈵, 𮝌, 𨠜, 鈹(铍), 䩅, 鞁, 𮧸, 𩖽, 駊(𫘟), 骳, 𩫋, 𩲢, 𭊣, 𭠊, 鮍(鲏), 麬, 𦃯, 𪖞, 𮭛
• 㓟, 𠡄, 𫹄, 𣃤, 𦐢, 𦫗, 頗(颇), 𩠗, 𡛬, 𪓜, 𪚷, 髲, 𢇳, 疲, 𪠏, 旇

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 790, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22823
• Dae Jaweon: page 1205, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2753, character 1
• Unihan data for U+76AE

Historical forms of the character 皮
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a hand (又) stripping the fur from an animal pelt (similar to 革). The pelt moved to the top left and became abstracted.

“skin”

According to STEDT, 皮 (OC *m-pra-j) is likely derived from root 膚 (OC *pra) – further from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p(r/j)a (“skin”) – and a voicing prefix – likely *m- which is found in several OC words for body parts like 鼻 (OC *m-bi[t]-s, “nose”), 肚 (OC *m-tˤaʔ, “belly”), 右 (OC *[ɢ]ʷəʔ-s (~ *m-qʷəʔ), “right-hand”) and 頭 (OC *[m-t]ˤo, “head”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).

“pico-”

Borrowed from English pico-.

皮

1. skin (Classifier: 塊／块 m c; 層／层 m c); peel; shell

   甩皮 [Cantonese]  ―  lat¹ pei⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  to have flaky skin; to have peeling skin

   樹皮／树皮  ―  shùpí  ―  bark

   香蕉皮  ―  xiāngjiāo pí  ―  banana peel

   • 牛則有皮，犀兕尚多。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     牛则有皮，犀兕尚多。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Niú zé yǒu pí, xīsì shàng duō. [Pinyin]

     Bulls still have skins; rhinoceroses and wild bulls still are many.

   • 誰家老-馬棄城-陰，毛-暗皮-乾瘦不-禁。 [Vietnamese Literary Sinitic, trad.]

     From: 阮攸 (Nguyễn Du),〈城下棄馬〉(Thành hạ khí mã, "The Abandoned Horse at the Wall's Bottom") in 《南中雜吟》(Nam trung tạp ngâm "Assorted Recitations while in the South"), 1805-1812

     Thùy gia lão mã khí thành âm, mao ám bì can sấu bất câm. [Sino-Vietnamese]

     Someone's old horse is abandoned under the wall's shadow; he is gaunt, his hair darkened, his skin parched, beyond bearing.

2. hide; leather

   皮鞋  ―  píxié  ―  leather shoes

   • 牛皮為鼓，正三軍之眾。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     牛皮为鼓，正三军之众。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE

     Niúpí wéi gǔ, zhèng sānjūn zhī zhòng. [Pinyin]

     The hide of an ox made into a drum directs the multitudes of the Three Armies.

3. wrapper; cover; skin

   餃子皮／饺子皮  ―  jiǎozi pí  ―  jiaozi wrapper

4. surface; top part

   水皮  ―  shuǐpí  ―  water surface

5. rubber
6. thin sheet

   鐵皮／铁皮  ―  tiěpí  ―  iron sheet

7. outer; superficial
8. sticky; glutinous
9. soggy; non-crispy
10. naughty; disobedient
11. thick-skinned
12. pico- (SI unit prefix)
13. (Cantonese, colloquial) ten thousand dollars
14. (VTuber fandom slang) model

皮

1. (Cantonese) Short for 皮費／皮费 (“operation expense”).

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• Go-on: び (bi)
• Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
• Kun: かわ (kawa, 皮, Jōyō)^{←かは (kafa, 皮, historical)}

/kapa/ → /kaɸa/ → /kawa/.

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kapa.

• (Tokyo) かわ​ [kàwáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɰᵝa̠]

皮(かわ) • (kawa) ^{←かは (kafa)?}

1. skin
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 33:

     皮 釋名云、皮. 音疲、加波

     Skin. The explanation says "skin; the Chinese reading is like that of 疲 (MC bje); the Japanese reading is kafa".

• 革(かわ) (kawa): leather

• Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

From Middle Chinese 皮 (MC bje). Recorded as Middle Korean 피 (phi) (Yale: phi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource 皮 (eumhun 가죽 피 (gajuk pi))

1. Hanja form^? of 피 (“skin”).

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

皮: Hán Nôm readings: bì, bề, vừa, bầy, bìa, vào

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