用

See also: 甩
用 U+7528, 用
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7528
← 甧
[U+7527] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 甩 →
[U+7529]
⽤ U+2F64, ⽤
KANGXI RADICAL USE
← ⽣
[U+2F63] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽥ →
[U+2F65]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

用 (Kangxi radical 101, 用+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 月手 (BQ), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵⺆𰀁 or ⿻丨月)

  1. Kangxi radical #101, ⽤.

Derived characters
  • Appendix:Chinese radical/用
  • 佣, 𠖿, 𠰩, 𡊤, 𡛾, 𢘭, 拥, 𣳔, 𨒗, 𪱽, 𭯕, 㶲, 𤤪, 𦙸, 砽, 𥞖, 𥙓, 𮈉, 𦕘, 𧊊, 𮘄, 𨀍, 𬫉, 𫙅, 𭛇
  • 𭛓, 𮟳, 𤬶, 𩿾, 𥁎, 角, 𡿲, 苚, 𮗠, 𥥝, 𧙚, 𩬮, 𢦨, 痈

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 755, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21703
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1166, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 97, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7528

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 用
alternative forms
 
𠛁
𤰃
𠂵
𤰆
𡶤
𠛁
𤰃
𠂵
𤰆
𡶤
𠂦

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 用
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
通 *l̥ʰoːŋ
俑 *l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ
蓪 *l̥ʰoːŋ
桶 *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ
捅 *l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛 *l̥ʰoːŋs
筩 *l'oːŋ
誦 *ljoŋs
傭 *l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ
慵 *ɦljoŋ
鱅 *ɦljoŋ, *loŋ
滽 *loŋ
墉 *loŋ
鏞 *loŋ
鄘 *loŋ
槦 *loŋ
銿 *loŋ
甬 *loŋʔ
勇 *loŋʔ
涌 *loŋʔ
踊 *loŋʔ
蛹 *loŋʔ
恿 *loŋʔ
慂 *loŋʔ
悀 *loŋʔ
埇 *loŋʔ
踴 *loŋʔ
庸 *loŋ
用 *loŋs
佣 *loŋs

Pictogram (象形) : a water bucket. Compare 桶.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *z(j)um ~ *zuŋ, provisionally set up by STEDT. Cognates to 傭 (OC loŋ) and 庸 (OC loŋ), outside Sinitic, Southern Bai zv³¹ (“to use”) Burmese သုံး (sum:, “to use”), Ersu zi⁵⁵ (“to use”), Nuosu ꌬ (ssi, “to use”), Pa'o Karen [script needed] (sūŋ, “to use”).

Sun (1999) and Schuessler (2007) consider this word a cognate to Tibetan ལོངས (longs, “use”)

Pronunciation

Note:
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 用
Mandarin Beijing /yŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /yŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /ʐuŋ⁵³/
/yŋ⁵³/
Jinan /yŋ²¹/
Qingdao /iŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /yuŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /yŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /yə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /yŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /ỹn¹³/
Ürümqi /yŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /ioŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /yoŋ¹³/
Guiyang /ioŋ²¹³/
Kunming /ioŋ¹/
Nanjing /ioŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /iŋ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /yəŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /yŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /ỹŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦioŋ²³/
Suzhou /ioŋ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦioŋ¹³/
Wenzhou /jyɔ²²/
Hui Shexian /yʌ̃²²/
Tunxi /in¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ioŋ⁵⁵/
/ioŋ¹¹/
Xiangtan /in²¹/
Gan Nanchang /iuŋ²¹/
Hakka Meixian /iuŋ⁵³/
Taoyuan /ʒuŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /joŋ²²/
Nanning /juŋ²²/
Hong Kong /juŋ²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iɔŋ²²/
/iŋ²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /øyŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /œyŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /eŋ³¹/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zoŋ³³/
Rime
Character 用
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余頌切
Baxter yowngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨoŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jioŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ioŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /juawŋH/
Li
Rong		 /ioŋH/
Wang
Li		 /jĭwoŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯woŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jung6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 用
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yòng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yowngH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*loŋ-s/
English use (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 用
Reading # 1/1
No. 15460
Phonetic
component		 用
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 用
Old
Chinese		 /*loŋs/

Definitions

用

  1. to use; to employ; to operate
    你會不會用電腦？ [MSC, trad.]
    你会不会用电脑？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ huì bù huì yòng diànnǎo? [Pinyin]
    Can you use a computer?
    我用海綿來吸水。 [MSC, trad.]
    我用海绵来吸水。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ yòng hǎimián lái xī shuǐ. [Pinyin]
    I used a sponge to draw the water.
  2. use; utility; usefulness
    有用  ―  yǒuyòng  ―  useful
    沒用／没用  ―  méiyòng  ―  useless
  3. (honorific) to eat; to drink
    是喝茶的時間啦，請用一杯茶吧！ [MSC, trad.]
    是喝茶的时间啦，请用一杯茶吧！ [MSC, simp.]
    Shì hē chá de shíjiān la, qǐng yòng yī bēi chá ba! [Pinyin]
    It is tea time. Please have a cup of tea!
  4. expenses; outlay
    費用／费用  ―  fèiyòng  ―  cost, expense
    用度  ―  yòngdù  ―  expense
    家用  ―  jiāyòng  ―  family expenses
  5. with; by; using
    用叉子吃東西／用叉子吃东西  ―  yòng chāzi chī dōngxi  ―  to eat with a fork
    我用筷子吃飯。／我用筷子吃饭。  ―  Wǒ yòng kuàizǐ chīfàn.  ―  I eat food with chopsticks.
    我用濕抹布擦桌子。 [MSC, trad.]
    我用湿抹布擦桌子。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ yòng shī mǒbù cā zhuōzǐ. [Pinyin]
    I wash the table with a wet cloth.
    我老闆用姓稱呼我。 [MSC, trad.]
    我老板用姓称呼我。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ lǎobǎn yòng xìng chēnghū wǒ. [Pinyin]
    My boss calls me by my last name.
  6. (chiefly used in the negative or interrogative) to need
    不用急，慢慢來。 [MSC, trad.]
    不用急，慢慢来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Bùyòng jí, mànmān lái. [Pinyin]
    No need to hurry. Please take it easy.
  7. (literary) therefore
  8. (obsolete) because of; due to; because
  9. a surname

Synonyms
  • (to use):
Dialectal synonyms of 用 (“to use”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 用, 使用
Mandarin Beijing 使, 用
Jinan 使, 用
Xi'an 使喚
Wuhan 用
Chengdu 用, 使
Guilin 用
Yangzhou 用
Hefei 使, 用
Malaysia 用
Singapore 用
Cantonese Guangzhou 用, 使
Hong Kong 用, 使
Yangjiang 使
Singapore (Guangfu) 用
Gan Nanchang 用
Hakka Meixian 用
Jin Taiyuan 使喚, 用
Northern Min Jian'ou 使
Eastern Min Fuzhou 使
Southern Min Xiamen 用
Penang (Hokkien) 用
Singapore (Hokkien) 用
Chaozhou 用, 使
Singapore (Teochew) 用
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 用
Wu Suzhou 用
Wenzhou 用
Xiang Changsha 用
Shuangfeng 用
Dialectal synonyms of 用 (“with; by; using”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 用, 拿
Mandarin Beijing 拿, 用
Jinan 用, 拿
Xi'an 用, 拿
Wuhan 用, 架, 拿
Chengdu 拿, 使
Yangzhou 拿, 用
Hefei 用, 拿
Cantonese Guangzhou 用, 攞
Hong Kong 用, 攞
Yangjiang 用, 捰
Gan Nanchang 用, 拿
Hakka Meixian 用
Jin Taiyuan 拿, 用
Northern Min Jian'ou 使
Eastern Min Fuzhou 使, 獲
Southern Min Xiamen 用
Jinjiang 用
Manila (Hokkien) 用
Chaozhou 用
Wu Suzhou 拿, 用
Wenzhou 用, 𧵊
Xiang Changsha 用, 拿
Shuangfeng 用

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (用):
  • → Japanese: 用(よう) (yō)
  • → Korean: 용(用) (yong)
  • → Vietnamese: dụng (用)

Others:

References

Japanese

Kanji
用

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Usage notes

Formerly used as man'yōgana for the back-vowel variant (甲類) of よ, romanized as yo1.

Noun

用(よう) • (yō) 

  1. use (noun)
    事(じ)業(ぎょう)の用(よう)に供(きょう)している資(し)産(さん)
    jigyō no yō ni kyō shite iru shisan
    assets provided for business use
  2. a task, business, an errand
    今(こん)晩(ばん)用(よう)があるから出(で)かける。
    Konban yō ga aru kara dekakeru.
    I'll be out this evening because I have an errand.

Suffix

用(よう) • (-yō) 

  1. for the use of, for the purpose of, in case of
    家(か)庭(てい)用(よう)石(せっ)鹸(けん)、散(さん)歩(ぽ)用(よう)のブーツ、非常(ひじょう)用(よう)
    kateiyō sekken, sanpoyō no būtsu, hijōyō
    soap for household use, boots for [the purpose of] walking, in case of emergency

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 用 (MC yowngH). Recorded as Middle Korean 용 (yong) (Yale: yong) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [용(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 用 (eumhun 쓸 용 (sseul yong))

  1. Hanja form? of 용 (“use”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

用: Hán Nôm readings: dụng, dùng, giùm, rùng, dộng, đụng, giùng, rụng, vùng

  1. to use
  2. to eat or drink
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