邪

邪 U+90AA, 邪
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90AA
← 邩
[U+90A9]
CJK Unified Ideographs 邫 →
[U+90AB]

Translingual

Han character

邪 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+4 in Chinese, 邑+5 in Japanese, 7 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一竹弓中 (MHNL), four-corner 17227, composition ⿰牙阝)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1269, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39319
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1768, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3758, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+90AA

Chinese

trad. 邪
simp. # 邪
alternative forms 衺 “evil; strange; tilted”
𧘪 “evil; strange; tilted”
耶 “evil; strange; tilted; particle”

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 邪
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ljaː, *laː) : phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 邑 (“town; city”).

The semantic component suggests that this character was originally used in a place name, which Shuowen suggests to be 琅邪. It was later borrowed for other meanings, the most prominent being “wrong; evil” (originally written as 衺).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • Longyan:
    • siâ - vernacular;
    • siê - literary.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 6zhia
          • MiniDict: zhia去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3xxia
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑia²³/
      • Xiang
        • (Changsha)
          • Wiktionary: sie2
          • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /si̯e̞¹³/
          • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /ɕi̯e̞¹³/

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 邪
Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɛ³⁵/
Harbin /ɕiɛ²²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕie⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiə⁴²/
Qingdao /siə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /siɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xining /ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕie⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiə⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕiɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕie²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕie³¹/
Guiyang /ɕie²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /sie²⁴/
Hefei /ɕi⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ʑia²³/
Suzhou /ziɑ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiɑ²¹³/
Wenzhou /zei³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /sie¹³/
Xiangtan /siɒ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɑ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sia¹¹/
Taoyuan /siɑ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰe²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sia³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sia⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sia²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /sia⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /se³¹/
/tia³¹/

Rime
Character 邪
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 邪 (17)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 似嗟切
Baxter zjae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/zia/
Pan
Wuyun
/zia/
Shao
Rongfen
/zia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/zia/
Li
Rong
/zia/
Wang
Li
/zĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/zi̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xié
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ce4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 1/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xié
Middle
Chinese
‹ zjæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*sə.ɢA/
English awry

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 邪
Reading # 1/2
No. 14175
Phonetic
component
牙
Rime
group
魚
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
衺
Old
Chinese
/*ljaː/

Definitions

邪

  1. wrong; evil; depraved; vicious; perverse; heterodox
    邪念  ―  xiéniàn  ―  evil thought
  2. unnatural; strange
  3. disaster; calamity
  4. (traditional Chinese medicine) unwholesome environmental factor; pathogenetic factor
    風邪/风邪  ―  fēngxié  ―  pathogenic influence; cold
  5. † Alternative form of 斜 (“tilted; inclined”)
  6. (~母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 邪 (MC yae)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 邪
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以遮切
Baxter yae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jia/
Pan
Wuyun
/jia/
Shao
Rongfen
/ia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jia/
Li
Rong
/ia/
Wang
Li
/jĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
je4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 3/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yá
Middle
Chinese
‹ yæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɢ(r)A/
English 琅邪 (name of a mountain in Shāndōng)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 邪
Reading # 2/2
No. 14197
Phonetic
component
牙
Rime
group
魚
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
邪
Old
Chinese
/*laː/
Notes 俗作耶

Definitions

邪

  1. Only used in 琅邪, alternative form of 琅琊 (Lángyá)

Compounds

Pronunciation 3



Rime
Character 邪
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以遮切
Baxter yae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jia/
Pan
Wuyun
/jia/
Shao
Rongfen
/ia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jia/
Li
Rong
/ia/
Wang
Li
/jĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
je4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yé
Middle
Chinese
‹ yæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ](r)A/
English (interrogative particle)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 邪
Reading # 2/2
No. 14197
Phonetic
component
牙
Rime
group
魚
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
邪
Old
Chinese
/*laː/
Notes 俗作耶

Definitions

邪

  1. † Alternative form of 耶 (“sentence-final interrogative particle”)
  2. † The chant of labourers used for synchronized pulling, lifting, etc., similar to heigh-ho.

Compounds

Pronunciation 4



Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 2/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xú
Middle
Chinese
‹ zjo ›
Old
Chinese
/*sə.la/
English walk slowly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

邪

  1. † Alternative form of 徐 (xú, “slow”)

Pronunciation 5


Definitions

邪

  1. † Alternative form of 餘/余 (“remainder; remaining days”)

Pronunciation 6


Definitions

邪

  1. Only used in 歸邪/归邪.

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 邪
Kyūjitai
[1][2]

邪󠄂
邪+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
邪󠄄
邪+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

邪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. wicked
  2. injustice
  3. wrong

Readings

From Middle Chinese 邪 (MC zjae); compare Mandarin 邪 (xié):

  • Go-on: じゃ (ja, Jōyō)←じや (zya, historical)
  • Kan-on: しゃ (sha)

From Middle Chinese 邪 (MC yae); compare Mandarin 邪 (yé, yá):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

Synonyms

Antonyms

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
邪
よこしま
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
横しま
邪ま
  • (Tokyo) よこしま [yòkóshímá] (Heiban – [0])[3]
  • IPA(key): [jo̞ko̞ɕima̠]

Adjective

邪(よこしま) • (yokoshima) -na (adnominal 邪(よこしま)な (yokoshima na), adverbial 邪(よこしま)に (yokoshima ni))

  1. evil, wicked
    邪(よこしま)な心(こころ)
    yokoshima na kokoro
    evil heart
  2. 横しま: horizontal

Inflection

References

  1. “邪”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024
  2. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2138 (paper), page 1121 (digital)
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

邪 • (sa, ya) (hangeul 사, 야, revised sa, ya, McCune–Reischauer sa, ya, Yale sa, ya)

  1. cunning, sly, crafty, artful
  2. dislocated, out of joint, out of step, out of line
  3. deceive, cheat, trick, fool, swindle
  4. crooked, askew, slanted

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

邪: Hán Nôm readings: tà, tá

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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