及

及 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+2 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 又+1 in mainland China and Japanese, 4 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 3 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 1724₇, composition ⿻⿹𠄎丿乀(GHJV or U+2F836) or ⿸⿱㇇丿又(TK))

• 伋, 吸, 圾, 㚫, 𭕅, 岋, 㠷, 𢎽, 彶, 忣, 扱, 汲, 𤜯, 𨸚, 𠀨, 昅, 䏜, 极, 𤆣, 𪻏, 𥘜, 﨤, 𥄫, 砐, 𥝥, 衱, 級(级), 𦐏, 䑥, 𫊩, 觙, 訯, 𧲫, 𧹜, 趿, 𨋃, 鈒(钑), 靸, 𩎕, 𩖪, 馺, 𩨞, 魥(𩽹), 𩾶, 䶋, 𠚵, 䲯, 𫲼, 岌, 㧀, 芨, 㽺, 笈, 𦐅, 𨳛, 雭, 𥻾, 㤂

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
• Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 1
• Unihan data for U+53CA
• Unihan data for U+2F836

Historical forms of the character 及
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“person”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand grabbing a person.

Possibly connected to Burmese ကပ် (kap, “to arrive at”) or Jingpho khap (“to carry, to reach”) (Starostin and Peiros, 1996) or less likely to Tibetan འགྲུབ་པ ('grub pa) ~ འགྲུབ ('grub, “to make ready”), སྒྲུབ་པ (sgrub pa) ~ བསྒྲུབ (bsgrub, “to complete, achieve”), གྲུབ་པ (grub pa, “complete”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Possibly departing tone derivations are 暨 (jì, “to attain, to reach”), 迄 (qì, “to reach to”), and 既 (jì, “already”) (Yu, 1948, Baxter, 1992). However, see those entries for more.

及

1. to reach; to extend to; to reach the level of

   觸手可及／触手可及  ―  chùshǒukějí  ―  at one's fingertips; within reach (literally, "can be reached by the touch of hand")

   及格  ―  jígé  ―  to pass (i.e., to reach the grade for passing)

2. to catch up; to be in time

   來得及／来得及  ―  láidéjí  ―  to be or to do something in time

   及時／及时  ―  jíshí  ―  prompt; timely

   後悔莫及／后悔莫及  ―  hòuhuǐmòjí  ―  to be too late to regret

3. to be equal; to be comparable; to match

   愚不可及  ―  yúbùkějí  ―  foolish beyond reach; unmatched foolishness

   • 2022, 陳琰冰 [Yanbing Chen] (lyrics and music), “榮耀至高神 [Glory in the Highest]”‎performed by 讚美之泉 [Stream of Praise Music]:

     榮耀得勝大君王　祢榮美無人能及 [MSC, trad.]
     荣耀得胜大君王　祢荣美无人能及 [MSC, simp.]

     róngyào déshèng Dà Jūnwáng, Nǐ róngměi wúrén néng jí [Pinyin]

     King of glory, king of pow'r, above all, You're beautiful. [official translation]
     Great King of glory and victory, Your beauty, no one can match [literal translation]

4. and; as well as

   以及  ―  yǐjí  ―  as well as

   • 夏，五月，宋人及楚人平。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Commentary of Gongyang, c. 206 BCE– 9 CE

     Xià, Wǔyuè, sòngrén jí chǔrén píng. [Pinyin]

     Summer, the fifth month, the generals of Song and Chu agreed to peace.

5. a surname

• “及”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. and
2. reach out
3. exert
4. exercise
5. cause

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きふ (kifu, historical)}
• Kun: および (oyobi, 及び, Jōyō); およぶ (oyobu, 及ぶ, Jōyō); およぼす (oyobosu, 及ぼす, Jōyō)
• Nanori: いたる (itaru); おい (oi); しき (shiki); たか (taka); ちか (chika)

及 (eumhun 미칠 급 (michil geup))

1. Hanja form^? of 급 (“extend”).
2. Hanja form^? of 급 (“reach”).
3. Hanja form^? of 급 (“come up to”).

及: Hán Nôm readings: cập

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