衝

See also: 冲 and 沖
衝 U+885D, 衝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-885D
← 衜
[U+885C]
CJK Unified Ideographs 衞 →
[U+885E]

Translingual

Han character

衝 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹人竹土弓 (HOHGN), four-corner 21104, composition ⿴行重 or ⿲彳重亍)

Derived characters

  • 𧁬

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1110, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34069
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1574, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 843, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+885D

Chinese

trad. 衝
simp. 冲*
alternative forms 𧘂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衝
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tʰjoŋ) : semantic 行 + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • chhiong - literary;
  • cheng - vernacular.

Rime
Character 衝
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 尺容切
Baxter tsyhowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰuawŋ/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰioŋ/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cung1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 衝
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chōng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhowng ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰoŋ/
English rush against

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 衝
Reading # 1/1
No. 17478
Phonetic
component
重
Rime
group
東
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
𧘂
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjoŋ/
Notes 說文中從童通作此

Definitions

衝

  1. to go straight ahead; to rush; to charge; to dash
    荷槍實彈的士兵穿過林區衝了上來。 [MSC, trad.]
    荷枪实弹的士兵穿过林区冲了上来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Hèqiāngshídàn de shìbīng chuānguò línqū chōng le shànglái. [Pinyin]
    Soldiers came charging through the forest, guns at the ready.
    當門被再次猛地推開時,她衝了出去。 [MSC, trad.]
    当门被再次猛地推开时,她冲了出去。 [MSC, simp.]
    Dāng mén bèi zàicì měng de tuī kāi shí, tā chōng le chūqù. [Pinyin]
    She burst out as the door was flung open again.
    一個漂亮的小女孩從樓梯上衝下來。 [MSC, trad.]
    一个漂亮的小女孩从楼梯上冲下来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yī ge piàoliang de xiǎonǚhái cóng lóutī shàng chōng xiàlái. [Pinyin]
    A pretty young girl came hurtling down the stairs.
  2. to clash; to collide
    衝撞/冲撞  ―  chōngzhuàng  ―  to collide
    衝突/冲突  ―  chōngtū  ―  conflict
  3. thoroughfare; important place
    要衝/要冲  ―  yàochōng  ―  road hub; major crossroad

Synonyms

  • (to collide):

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Vietnamese: xông

Pronunciation 2

trad. 衝
simp. 冲*
alternative forms 凌 Hokkien


Note:
  • chhiòng - literary;
  • chhèng - vernacular;
  • chhiāng - ("to encounter").

Definitions

衝

  1. to face
  2. to punch; to stamp
    衝壓/冲压  ―  chòngyā  ―  to stamp, to press (sheet metal)
    字母衝/字母冲  ―  zìmǔchòng  ―  letter punch
  3. powerful; vigorous
  4. pungent; (of smell) strong
  5. towards; at; to
    她很難相信這個問題是衝她來的。 [MSC, trad.]
    她很难相信这个问题是冲她来的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā hěn nán xiāngxìn zhè ge wèntí shì chòng tā lái de. [Pinyin]
    She could hardly believe the question was directed towards her.
    他衝服務員招了招手,服務員就急忙跑到桌邊。 [MSC, trad.]
    他冲服务员招了招手,服务员就急忙跑到桌边。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā chòng fúwùyuán zhāo le zhāoshǒu, fúwùyuán jiù jímáng pǎo dào zhuō biān. [Pinyin]
    He waved at the waiter, who rushed to the table.
  6. in view of
  7. (Hokkien) to rise; to go up; to soar; to ascend
  8. (Hokkien, of smoke or water) to discharge; to gush; to burst out; to spout
  9. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to scent; to odorize; to infuse with the scent of another
  10. (Hokkien) domineering; arrogant
  11. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collide; to impact; to run into; to hit
  12. (Hokkien) to bump into; to encounter; to meet accidentally
  13. (Hokkien, cooking) to simmer
  14. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to generate; to yield; to produce (a certain result)

Synonyms

  • (to encounter):

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

衝

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Noun

衝(しょう) • (shō) 

  1. (astronomy) opposition

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 衝 (MC tsyhowng).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 衝 (eumhun 찌를 충 (jjireul chung))

  1. Hanja form? of 충 (“to collide”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

衝: Hán Nôm readings: xung, giong, tông, xong, xông, xúng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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