合

合 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一口 (OMR), four-corner 8060₁, composition ⿱亼口)

• 𫡥, 佮, 冾, 哈, 垥, 姶, 峆, 帢, 㢵, 㣛, 恰, 拾, 洽, 𪯤, 𰃣, 䏩, 㭘, 烚, 𬌗, 珨, 䢔, 䀫, 硆, 祫, 秴, 粭, 給 (给), 耠, 𦕲, 䑪, 蛤, 袷, 鿘, 詥, 𧳇, 䞩, 跲, 鉿 (铪), 鞈, 韐, 餄 (饸), 鿢, 𩩂, 𩳋, 鮯 (𫚗), 𪑇, 䶎, 𪘁, 㓣, 𪠁, 郃, 㧱, 敆, 㪉, 欱, 𤙖, 翖, 䧻, 頜 (颌), 鴿 (鸽), 搿
• 𣭝, 㝓, 峇, 𰂅, 𣆗, 荅, 䆟, 答, 𠷡, 䨐, 𩭆, 䶀, 𮯚, 鿖, 𡋛, 𪦻, 弇, 𢙅, 拿, 𤥓, 畣, 㿯, 盒, 𥅽, 翕, 搻, 樖, 盫, 龕 (龛), 𡄬, 匌, 匼, 㕉, 𢈈, 㾑, 閤 (𬮤), 𦒈, 𡇞

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 174, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3287
• Dae Jaweon: page 387, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 581, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5408

Historical forms of the character 合
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 亼 + 口 (“mouth”) : Two mouths speaking together.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gap ~ kap. Compare 蓋 (OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb, “to cover”) and 盍 (OC *ɡaːb, “to unite”) (STEDT). Outside of Sinitic, possibly cognate with Burmese ကပ် (kap, “to approach”).

合

1. to close; to shut

   合上  ―  héshàng  ―  close

2. to join; to combine; to unite; to bring together

   組合／组合  ―  zǔhé  ―  to assemble

   集合  ―  jíhé  ―  to gather, to assemble

3. to suit; to fit

   適合／适合  ―  shìhé  ―  to fit, to suit

   合適／合适  ―  héshì  ―  suitable, fitting

   魚和紅酒不合。／鱼和红酒不合。  ―  Yú hé hóngjiǔ bùhé.  ―  Fish and red wine don't go well together.

   那個店裡沒有合我尺寸的帽子。 [MSC, trad.]
   那个店里没有合我尺寸的帽子。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nà ge diàn lǐ méiyǒu hé wǒ chǐcùn de màozǐ. [Pinyin]

   There are no hats in that store that fit me.

4. to have sexual intercourse
5. to fight, to have a confrontation with
6. to be equivalent to, to add up

   一公頃合十五市畝。 [MSC, trad.]
   一公顷合十五市亩。 [MSC, simp.]

   Yī gōngqǐng hé shíwǔ shìmǔ. [Pinyin]

   A hectare is equivalent to 15 mu.

7. spouse
8. whole; entire
9. together

   這張卡片是我們全家合送的。祝您母親節快樂。 [MSC, trad.]
   这张卡片是我们全家合送的。祝您母亲节快乐。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè zhāng kǎpiàn shì wǒmen quánjiā hé sòng de. Zhù nín mǔqīnjié kuàilè. [Pinyin]

   This card comes from the whole family. Happy Mother's Day.

10. ^† Alternative form of 盒 (hé, “box”)
11. (games, battle) round
12. (astronomy) conjunction
13. (Hokkien) to get along well
14. (Chinese phonetics) Short for 合口 (hékǒu, “closed-mouthed”).
15. ^† Classifier for the number of fights.
16. ^† to compound; to make up (medicine, etc.)

    • 又合狂藥，令人服之，父子兄弟不相知識，唯以殺害為事。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
      又合狂药，令人服之，父子兄弟不相知识，唯以杀害为事。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

      From: Wei Shou, Book of Wei, 551 – 554 CE

      Yòu hé kuángyào, lìng rén fú zhī, fùzǐ xiōngdì bù xiàng zhīshí, wéi yǐ shāhài wéi shì. [Pinyin]

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    • 誰敢合毒藥與你？這廝好大膽也。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
      谁敢合毒药与你？这厮好大胆也。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

      From: Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing, The Injustice to Dou E

      Shéi gǎn hé dúyào yǔ nǐ? Zhèsī hǎo dàdǎn yě. [Pinyin]

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    • 吾家葛巾娘子，手合鴆湯，其速飲！ [Literary Chinese, trad.]
      吾家葛巾娘子，手合鸩汤，其速饮！ [Literary Chinese, simp.]

      From: 1740 CE, Pu Songling, Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio

      Wú jiā Gě Jīn niángzǐ, shǒu hé zhèntāng, qí sù yǐn! [Pinyin]

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

17. a surname

合

1. unit of volume, equal to one tenth of a 升 (shēng)
   1. (Han dynasty) equal to 2 龠 (yuè)

合

1. (music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note low sol (5̣).
2. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note low sol (5̣).

合

1. (Hokkien, Teochew) Alternative form of 佮 (“and; with”)

• “合”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. fit
2. suit
3. join
4. one tenth

From Middle Chinese 合 (MC hop); compare Mandarin 合 (hé, gě):

• Go-on: ごう (gō, Jōyō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: かっ (ka', Jōyō ^†); がっ (ga', Jōyō); ごう (gō, Jōyō)^{←がふ (gafu, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 合 (MC kop); compare Mandarin 合 (gě):

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: あう (au, 合う, Jōyō)^{←あふ (afu, 合ふ, historical)}; あわす (awasu, 合わす, Jōyō)^{←あはす (afasu, 合はす, historical)}; あわせる (awaseru, 合わせる, Jōyō)^{←あはせる (afaseru, 合はせる, historical)}; あい (ai, 合い)^{←あひ (afi, 合ひ, historical)}; あつまる (atsumaru, 合まる); あつめる (atsumeru, 合める); あわい (awai, 合)^{←あはひ (afafi, 合, historical)}; あわさる (awasaru, 合わさる)^{←あはさる (afasaru, 合はさる, historical)}; あわせ (awase, 合せ)^{←あはせ (afase, 合せ, historical)}
• Nanori: あい (ai); あう (au); かい (kai); はる (haru); よし (yoshi)

• 合(あい)憎(にく) (ainiku, “unfortunately”)
• 連(れん)合(ごう) (rengō, “union, alliance, combination”)
• 総(そう)合(ごう) (sōgō, “synthesis, consolidation”)

合(ごう) • (-gō) ^{←がふ (gafu)?}

1. covered containers
2. battles

合(ごう) • (gō) ^{←がふ (gafu)?}

1. 0.18039 liters, equaling ten shaku or a tenth of a shō
2. a tenth of the distance from the base to the summit of a mountain

• 升(ます) (masu)
• 勺(しゃく) (shaku)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ha̠p̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [합]

Wikisource 合 (eumhun 합할 합 (haphal hap))

1. Hanja form^? of 합 (“to unite”).

合: Hán Việt readings: hợp[1][2][3][4][5], hiệp[3][4][5], hạp[6][3], cáp[3][4]
合: Nôm readings: hợp[1][2][6], họp[1][2][6], hiệp[1][2], hạp[6], cáp[1], cóp[6], gộp[6], sáp[1]

1. chữ Hán form of hợp (“to unite, suitable”).
2. chữ Hán form of hiệp (“unite”).
3. chữ Hán form of hạp (“to unite, suitable (rare spelling of hợp)”).
4. Nôm form of sáp (“flexible material used to store cosmetics”).